Tag: one sky philippines

February 20, 2020

How Aluminum is Strengthened

What are the best ways of strengthening aluminum?

Cold working
Heat treatment
Alloying aluminum
Natural aging

Aluminum is one of the most abundant substances on the planet. People encounter this element most frequently at grocery stores as one of the most widely-used types of beverage containers. The food industry has been taking advantage of aluminum’s highly-malleable properties, and in turn, the consumer also largely benefits from it. There are many ways of strengthening aluminum to make it more useful in various types of manufacturing processes outside of the food industry. It can be molded and transformed into a material that can be used for architectural, or transportation implements. The list below will hopefully provide you with brief information on the various ways present to strengthen this highly-versatile material.

Cold working

The average person knows that one of the ways by which malleable types of metals are shaped is through the application of heat. A popular image that might cross people’s minds involves that of a blacksmith pounding heavily on his anvil, in order to shape a particular material into the desired figure.

There is, however, another type of way by which metals are transformed in order for them to acquire highly-desirable properties, and this is called cold working.

The process of cold working is most commonly used for steel, aluminum, and copper. Instead of subjecting the metal to high levels of heat, cold working aluminum involves exposing it to temperatures that are far below the recrystallization point of the metal. In its simplest sense, the recrystallization point, or temperature, is the point below the metal or material’s melting point. Exposing aluminum to such temperature levels alters its crystalline structure, thereby strengthening it.

The downside of cold working aluminum is that it inevitably reduces the rate at which it is able to change shape before breaking. Despite this, however, its properties remain considerably stronger than before the conduction of the process.

Heat treatment

Strengthening aluminum by the application of heat is perhaps one of the most common processes to achieve the goal. This application of heat, however, is not simply the mere exposure of aluminum to a furnace, or a stove. Every single element of the heat-treatment process must be meticulously examined and monitored, in order to strengthen aluminum successfully. There are various ways of heat-treating aluminum such as homogenizing, annealing, and precipitation, just to name a few.

Homogenizing aluminum involves the redistribution of precipitating alloying elements. Simply put, a precipitate is an insoluble solid emerging from a liquid solution. This process involves three stages, namely heating-up, soaking, and cool down. Usually, this process is conducted through the application of heat in temperatures ranging from 450 to 600 degrees Celsius.

On the other hand, annealing is a process that is conducted usually after a metal has undergone cold-working. Through this process, the metal’s ability to deform without getting fractured increases. The hardness of aluminum is also reduced after undergoing this stage. Annealing has another benefit which improves a tool’s machinability. This is especially useful, particularly for tools like aluminum hammers, in that the tool’s wear and tear might be significantly reduced.

Lastly, the precipitation process involves the complete precipitation of dissolved elements, at temperatures ranging from 240 to 460 degrees Fahrenheit. This process will enable aluminum to reach its maximum hardness.

Alloying aluminum

The concept of combining two or more metals in order to produce a stronger metal is not a foreign concept. This process has been existing for around 5000 years, wherein these metals are first melted before dissolving them into each other. Following this logic, combining aluminum with the right type of metal can strengthen it, exposing itself to further possibilities with regards to its industrial usages.

Some of the most common metals by which aluminum is frequently alloyed with are silicon, zinc, magnesium, and copper.

An aluminum-zinc alloy will produce a tool useful in the construction industry, called the brazing rod. Similar to welding, brazing is a type of metal-joining technique. Through this process, the pure aluminum alloy has been repurposed, to become more useful in the field of construction.

Natural aging

You might be wondering how exactly leaving an aluminum alloy by itself would strengthen it, but this process is also related to precipitation. Briefly, once more, precipitation involves the dissolution of elements at certain temperatures. Naturally aging a metal, on the other hand, does not require any heat intervention.

This process usually occurs at room temperatures and takes just a little under a week for the aluminum to reach its full strength. Essentially, allowing the elements within the metal naturally dissolve over a given period of time would strengthen the aluminum.

If you’re someone looking to cut down costs on expending energy, this process would be the best fit for you, as it does not require too many complex tools and processes.

Key Takeaway

There are unlimited ways of strengthening aluminum. Just some of the most important factors to consider are the availability of tools, the complexity of the process, and the available time period. This guide has hopefully given you an idea of the various ways to improve aluminum and to make it more useful in a variety of other processes.

May 17, 2019

The History of Tempered Glass

What is the history of tempered glass?

The creation of tempered glass
Rise in popularity
Introduction to the global market
Tempered glass in major industries

Tempered glass is known for its strength as well as its ability to shatter into tiny and relatively harmless pieces. It can be bought from stainless steel suppliers in the Philippines. The glass is used in products that are either in constant contact with the human body or are used as a safety measure for them. It is also integrated into areas with a high risk of fractures such as buildings or automobiles.

Examples of tempered glass in items are screen protectors for cell phones, glass doors for showers, and microwaves. These can be purchased at trusted suppliers such as One Sky Philippines. Here is a timeline of the history of tempered glass.

How Is Tempered Glass Made?

Tempered glass is made with the annealing method. It creates tension in the middle of the glass and compression on its outer edges. This is the secret to the strength of tempered glass. Here are the three steps in the annealing methodology.

Cutting
Tempering
Quenching

Cutting is the first part of the creation of tempered glass. The glass is cut into the set length and width. Then, an abrasive is applied to smoothen the sharp edges. Afterward, the glass is washed off of any excess debris. The glass must be properly examined in order to spot any imperfections that could cause it to break in the proceeding steps.

Tempering is the next step. The glass is fed into a tempering oven and heated to more than 600 degrees Celsius. Note that this extreme heat treatment process could cause breakage if the glass has an imperfection.

Quenching is the last step in the creation of tempered glass. The glass is removed from the tempering oven and immediately sprayed with high-pressure air. This extreme cooling process is called “quenching”. It cools the exterior faster than the center, causing tension and compression that strengthens the glass.

The Creation of Tempered Glass

The process of tempering glass was first created in the middle of the 17th century. In 1874, King Francois Barthelemy Alfred Royer de la Bastie discovered a kind of glass that breaks into tiny little pieces while maintaining its physical form. He heated a piece of glass until it was molten and immediately quenched it in a hot bath of oil.

In 1877, a German named Friedrich Siemens created a different version that is more commonly known as compressed glass. His process presses the glass into cool molds. This method created an even stronger kind of tempered glass.

Austrian Chemist Rudolph A. Seiden was the first to win a patent for the creation of tempered glass.

Rise in Popularity of Tempered Glass

In 1876, American Geovge E. Rogens received a patent in Massachusetts to introduce tempered glass into drinking glasses and streetlamps. American Hugh O’Hill won a patent in New Jersey in the same year.

By 1936, tempered glass was being added on to vehicles in the United States as a form of protection. Studies were showing that people were most likely to pass away in the case of them being ejected from the vehicle during an accident. Tempered glass was chosen due to its ability to stay intact when damaged.

The Introduction of Tempered Glass to the Global Market

Tempered glass was first introduced to the global market by a Chinese company called Shanghai Yaohua Glass Factory in 1955. By 1965, another Chinese company was creating military grade glass.

By the 1970s, tempered glass was everywhere. The glass was widely promoted and became incredibly popular all over the world. It was most commonly used in the automobile, construction, and electronics industries.

Tempered Glass in Major Industries

Tempered glass became popular due to a number of industries. This kind of protective glass can greatly reduce the chances of extreme injuries. These can be purchased at trusted suppliers such as One Sky Philippines. Here is a list of industries and how they make use of tempered glass.

Automobile

The windows of a vehicle are made of tempered glass. It can withstand the pressures from large potholes and even just the closing of the car door. A new kind of glass has been developed that combines the strength of laminated and tempered glass. These are quickly being integrated into new car models.

Construction

Windows and glass doors need to be made of a glass that can withstand constant use and possible banging. Tempered glass is used for this specific reason. Windows and doors can be suddenly and violently shut by strong winds. It is important that the kind of glass it has can withstand the impact.

Electronics

In terms of electronics, tempered glass is used mainly for the protection of devices such as cell phones and computers. This kind of screen protector can withstand the wear and tear of the owner’s constant use as well as any damage that could happen from accidental falls. It can also be used for appliances that need to handle constant heat but also be observable on the inside such as ovens, coffee machines, and microwaves.

Key Takeaway

Tempered glass was created as an alternative to kinds of glass that could be harmful once broken. It can ensure your safety while providing a unique aesthetic appearance in a number of ways. The number of industries that utilize this kind of glass can attest to its durability and safety. In the Philippines, stainless steel suppliers sell tempered and other forms of protective glass. Do your research well to find the best kind of glass for you.

May 8, 2019May 8, 2019

The Versatility of Stainless Steel in the Philippines

What are the different uses of stainless steel in the country?

Medical field
Architectural versatility
Interior design
Technological equipment
Recyclability
Power generators
Automotive purposes
Market versatility

Anywhere you turn, you’ll always encounter stainless steel applied in different uses around you. May they be tangible as the utensils you see on your nearby eatery or material used to strengthen the pavement you walk upon. The use of stainless steel in the Philippines as a popular material for different products and services are practically endless.

There are also different manufacturing companies, such as One Sky Philippines, that cater to everyone’s stainless steel needs. This makes the material easily available – from simple school project use to major architecture. That is due to the fact that stainless steel is a versatile element with the ability to adapt to the diverse functions of its users. It’s also a component you can easily form, and you’d be surprised on how its uses range from the simplest to those which makes a country’s economic development possible. With that being said, let’s take a look at the different uses that all illustrate how stainless steel functions as a versatile resource.

Medical Field

When visiting the hospital, and by being observant of the different instruments used by doctors, nurses, as well as surgeons—you’ll find that the same stainless steel you’ve seen in the cafeteria is now being used in stethoscopes, surgical devices, even those used in dentistry. This is because stainless steel is ideal for an environment which demands hygiene. It is also a material which is resistant to corrosion.

Architectural Versatility

This is perhaps one of the common showcases of the flexibility for stainless steel. Whether it’s a small design or a towering structure found in cities, stainless steel finds its different uses in architecture and construction. Thanks to its strength, flexibility, and corrosion-resistant capabilities, countless structures are made of stainless steel in the Philippines. Stainless steel could also be welded and formed into different shapes which makes it an ideal material not just for construction, but for different displays as well.

Interior Design

If you think stainless steel could only be found by looking at the layout of a building or a house, then why not explore within. You’ll find that most (if not all) of the appliances and/or furniture is made of stainless steel, or at least has a stainless steel element as part of its composition. Here, you can truly see how versatile stainless steel can be because it’s used in utensils, in appliances, and even in decoration.

Technological Equipment

By technology, it doesn’t only mean the different gadgets or devices which are composed of stainless steel. But as well as innovative machines such as welding machines, drills, even those found in the safety of your kitchens such as mixers (or electric whisks). Not to mention the amazing recent innovations such as the fuel nozzles used in metal 3D printing.

Recyclability

What makes stainless steel versatile in the country is because it is a construction material with a hundred percent recyclability. When it comes to reusing stainless steel, about 92% of a building’s stainless steel composition around the world is being recycled and re-used at the end of the project’s duration.

Power Generators

This is one of the most useful functions of stainless steel, especially in the industrial setting. Along with other corrosion-resistant alloys, they are used in flue gas desulfurization units. There are cases when power plants need to be shut off because of their emergency cases, and louvered ventilation shafts made from stainless are being deployed.

Automotive Purposes

Along with stainless steel’s collaboration with the rising technology of our modern times, it also adapted towards automotive purposes with vehicles making extensive uses of stainless steel, mainly for their exhaust system and catalytic converters along with the overall structure.

Market Diversity

If stainless steel is a versatile material which is always on the move every day—different people searching for stainless steel for disparate purposes—then must it also come to mind that markets and manufacturing companies dealing with stainless steel be versatile too? In a sense, they are always ready in different places, even answering inquiries online. Companies such as One Sky in the Philippines are among those who can easily entertain questions and interests working with stainless steel.

Key Takeaway

It is true that stainless steel is everywhere, and that its most probably one of the resources you can rely on all your needs. Its strength and durability prove it could last long, it’s corrosion-resistant characteristic shows that it could withstand chemicals and contain harmful substance such as radiation. And its simple maintenance and recyclability allow it to be used for different purposes.

April 23, 2019

A Short Guide to Stainless Steel Quality Assurance

How can you assure your stainless steel products are quality-made?

They are corrosion resistant
They fit for welding
Its strength fits its use
The company should be certified
Observe its formability
Check if they need heat treatment
Quality assurance means guidance
Look for a model
Feedback is readily accepted

Stainless steel in the Philippines and all over the world are the most versatile of materials used in the production of different products and/or appliances. That means this kind of resource is in high demand not only for home design purposes, but as well as for industries, roadwork, and even in the medical field. While there are different companies where you can purchase stainless steel, such as One Sky Philippines, it is not enough to simply walk up to these industries without background knowledge and awareness of what you should be looking for in steel products.

In light with that, here’s a short guide on how you can trust that the stainless steel you are purchasing is of quality assurance, and will cope with any given setting or situation.

It is corrosion-resistant

Upon inquiring for stainless steel-made appliances or materials, the first question which you may ask the producer is whether the steel is easily damaged. You can be sure that stainless steel is quality when it passes the basic characteristic of why stainless steel is chosen as the best for different needs: it is because it has corrosion-resistant properties. You can check with the supplier on the grade of the stainless steel because corrosion resistance varies depending on its grade.

It is fit for welding

Depending on your application for purchasing stainless steel in the Philippines, make sure that your stainless steel purchase can withstand the welding process if it needs to be welded. Take note that stainless steel is a long shot from welding carbon steel, and that corrosion may happen if you purchased the wrong stainless steel without the proper qualities to survive the welding process.

Its strength fits its use

Stainless steel, as mentioned earlier, comes in different grades. This means that quality assurance differs per grade and the function in which it will be integrated. Take for example a grade of 316 will be tougher and ductile than martensitic stainless steel with a grade of 440c. You may speak to knowledgeable industries like One Sky Philippines to know more about the appropriate stainless steel purchase depending on the application.

The company should be certified

One of the simplest ways to confirm that you are getting quality stainless steel material is by looking at the certification of its producers. Other than the concern for the steel products you wish to transact, you may want to do a bit of research on your supplier and their background of legitimately providing quality-assured steel products.

Observe its formability

You want to own stainless steel which does not possess weak formability; the kind of steel which turns brittle when used excessively and performs poorly will not pass for quality assurance. Again, this comes down on the topic of grades. Whether you want slabs, bars, or sheets will be delivered a wide range of forms. For example, martensitic steels are often sold in bars or slabs.

Check if it needs heat treatment

Different stainless steel grades respond in contrasting ways when it comes to heating and hardening. Just like welding, review on what kind of stainless steel quality will be offered upon stating its application. There are stainless which are not very heat resistant and might deform on the slightest change in temperature.

Quality assurance means guidance

It is also the stainless steel manufacturer’s job to guide consumers on the proper steel which is fit for their needs. Even when purchasing stainless steel appliances in malls, the seller must be able to point out distinct characteristics which the steel product will have its positive and negative points.

Look for a model

In order to further test the quality assurance of stainless steel, you might want to request a ready-made product/output which incorporates the material in order to better observe the aspect of how the stainless steel works. You may even request a demo of the product just to prove its trait. This may fall into quality assurance testing.

Feedback is readily accepted

There are times when expected quality does not live up to what is promised or promoted. Still, you can vouch for the company’s credibility of providing better service and quality when they are ready to welcome mistakes and/or feedbacks thrown at them, and they make it a point to improve their product’s quality and marketing.

Key Takeaway

Quality assurance in stainless steel must be sought for as stainless steel is one of the prominent materials used in different fields—from architecture to medicine. You need a promising material when purchasing stainless steel. Always keep these in mind when you find yourself in the process of acquiring stainless steel. Do not aim for just the product, but aim for a service you can trust, and you respect.

March 14, 2019

6 Reasons to Choose Aluminum Over Carbon Fiber

What are the reasons to choose aluminum over carbon fiber?

Price
Availability
Durability
Repairable
Recyclable
Heat resistance

With the growing popularity of carbon fiber in various industries and a wide range of markets, it may not be as easily accessible as one of the most popular lightweight and strong materials as an alternative. In the Philippines, aluminum is still widely used in the fabrication of bicycles and car parts. Though carbon fiber may seem like a good choice for fabrication, aluminum still has its advantages over composites such as carbon fiber.

Price

Without a doubt, if you’re looking for a cost-effective way to make use of a lightweight material that has a great strength to weight ratio, aluminum would be the way to go. On the market, it may not be practical to choose carbon fiber over aluminum if your quest for lightweight and strength in materials will take a toll on your wallet. Carbon fiber costs almost 5 times the price of aluminum.

With all the perks you get from aluminum, every pound of this metal is well worth your money. Transportation, construction, electrical devices, and consumer goods reap the benefits of aluminum’s cost-effectiveness due to its amazing physical properties and for how much it’s worth.

Availability

Before the World War, aluminum was difficult to come by. This scarcity meant that aluminum was once an expensive material. But after the war, the world suddenly had a massive surplus of aluminum. Today, you can easily purchase aluminum. In the Philippines, there are dozens of aluminum shops in almost every city.

Everywhere you go, you can find aluminum. Its commonness is why many people choose to use aluminum as a material compared to carbon fiber. Many race car drivers would choose to make their body panels out of aluminum due to its wide availability and of course, its cost as well. Metal suppliers such as One Sky Philippines will always have aluminum ready for you to purchase.

Durability

Compared to carbon fiber, aluminum does a better job at receiving forces from different directions. It is true that carbon fiber has a higher shock resistance than aluminum but it is only meant to receive force from one direction. When sudden force is applied at a direction that carbon fiber is not meant to handle, it will break. Aluminum, on the other hand, is isotropic; that means that the physical properties of aluminum have the same measurement in all direction. In simple terms, aluminum has higher structural durability when receiving forces from any direction.

Of course, both materials have a shock limit. The downside of carbon fiber reaching its shock threshold is that it shatters. When aluminum receives the same amount of force, it will bend under its limit. This makes it ideal for aluminum to be used for aircrafts and automobiles as they are likely to deflect certain objects during their travels. They cannot risk parts from shattering as it would compromise safety.

Repairable

This one of the major reasons to choose aluminum over carbon fiber. As discussed earlier, aluminum will bend under its shock limit. When it does, it is easy to repair and reshape back into its original form without sacrificing its rigidity. It’s one of aluminum’s best properties. When carbon fiber shatters, its original structure cannot be repaired. Though the composite can be reused, it would take much more effort to construct another carbon part.

This makes aluminum ideal for trail bicycles and underbody aerodynamic components for race cars. As these are often subjected to extensive abuse and will likely receive impacts. Repairing them would be easier than having to spend more to replace the whole thing.

Recyclable

Aluminum is 100% recyclable. Though carbon fiber can be reused. Shattered pieces of composite would mean a loss in the overall mass of carbon fiber. While broken aluminum can simply be re-melted and formed back to shape via forging or casting. Re-shaped aluminum maintains the same physical properties of its original structure. Only 5 percent of energy is required to recycle aluminum in the whole recycling process.

Heat Resistance

Aluminum is capable of resisting extremely hot and cold temperatures. Under higher temperatures, carbon fiber degrades at a quicker rate, causing it to potentially deform under immense heat. In cold temperatures, carbon fiber can shatter easily. Under subzero temperatures, the tensile strength of aluminum slightly increases. Many aluminum alloys are ideal for structures in cold temperatures. Aluminum is known to withstand extreme heat and has a melting point of 660 degrees Celsius.

Key Takeaway

Aluminum is a top choice for those who are seeking to make use of this strong and lightweight material, without having to pay 5 times more for carbon fiber. You can achieve the same goal with aluminum alloys. It is a practical choice for those who want to build race cars, structures, and other components. Companies like One Sky Philippines can offer a wide range of aluminum materials.

February 27, 2019

Motorsports Philippines: Aluminum in Performance Vehicles

How does aluminum improve a vehicle’s performance?

Lightweight
Practicality
Fuel efficient
Crash protection

In the Philippines, Aluminum is used for many different purposes. They’re used to make cans, foil, and frames. Though regarded as weak in those forms, aluminum is actually stronger than one might think. Due to its versatility, aluminum has made its way in the use of race cars.

Many race car drivers and race car makers have been on the quest of reducing weight to extreme levels in order to make the most out of their vehicles. Using aluminum can greatly improve your vehicle’s performance, let’s see why:

Lightweight

One of the most popular qualities of aluminum is its lightweight. Steel is 2.5 times denser than aluminum; making aluminum a top choice for automakers. In addition, many race car manufacturers and tuners ditch steel parts in the body of their vehicles and replace them with aluminum. A vehicle can shave as much as 40% of weight when aluminum components are used.

A race car with a full-aluminum body can brake later, corner quicker, and accelerate harder due to its lightness. This is the reason why many race car developers choose to cut out steel components and change them into aluminum. Most engines nowadays are made of aluminum alloy. Even internal engine components are made with forged aluminum alloy. This greatly reduces the inertia of rotating and moving components of the engine. Engine components that are lighter can produce more engine speeds and in turn, more power.

Practicality

Aluminum is also a great choice for aerodynamic parts for race cars such as splitters, side skirts, under trays, diffusers, and spoilers. Though most of these parts can be made out of lighter material such as carbon fiber and Kevlar, aluminum would be a practical choice if you want to cut costs. Carbon fiber can be 30% lighter than aluminum, it costs much more. For those who don’t have the budget for carbon fiber materials, aluminum would be the best choice due to its availability and price.

There are loads of aluminum composite and aluminum alloys that can be used for race cars. In fact, 70% of modern aircraft components are made of aluminum. Race cars that want to make use of aerodynamic advantages can turn to aluminum. They are easy to shape and can take a huge amount of beating before they get damaged. Many local grassroots races in the Philippines use aluminum for their body panels any aero components. Aluminum is undoubtedly the best material to use if you want to save cash on race car components. Many aluminum cars can compete with their carbon fiber counterparts.

Fuel Efficiency

A lighter race car means that it is more fuel efficient. During a race, you want to use the least amount of fuel possible, as more fuel means more weight. Driving a heavier vehicle flat out for over an hour will consume a significant amount of fuel compared to a lighter vehicle driving at the same speeds.

This is much felt during endurance races. An endurance race can last for 4, 6, 8, 12 or even 24 hours. Managing fuel will be a huge factor for this racing discipline. Many variables will come into play attempting to save fuel during endurance events. But the biggest variable in fuel management apart from aerodynamics will be your vehicle’s weight.

Since aluminum can significantly reduce your vehicle’s weight, your race car can perform optimally with a low fuel set up. Reducing your race car’s weight even further. That way, you can maximize your engine’s overall performance by helping it drag a lighter chassis.

Crash Protection

In many ways, aluminum is just as good as steel. This can be said when it comes to sustaining a crash. You never know when your race car may come into contact with another car or the barrier. Accidents should be an accepted circumstance in racing. In many cases, aluminum body parts can help damped the energy of a crash.

In the instance of an accident, aluminum can absorb twice as much energy as steel, though these components will deform, bend, and fold on impact. They are proven to diminish the force of impact on the driver. Many race cars make use of aluminum space frame side members in order to improve driver safety. A race car equipped with a steel roll cage and aluminum chassis components can prevent driver injuries even during the worst of crashes.

Key Takeaway

High-quality aluminum is a strong metal that comes with lower weight compared to steel and many other metal components have proven to be truly advantageous for racing vehicles. Favoring aluminum components over steel construction has increased the performance threshold of many race cars and their drivers.

With low costs, impressive strength to weight ratio, and easy to work with, there’s a reason why this material is highly sought after by performance vehicle makers. One Sky Philippines is a prime example of the best aluminum supplier in the country. If you’re planning to reduce your race car’s weight without having to spend a fortune on body components, it’s best to make use of aluminum.

February 15, 2019

Knife Steel Showdown: Stainless Steel Versus Carbon Steel

What are the characteristics of stainless steel blades and carbon steel blades?

Stainless Steel

Durability
Uses
Appearance

High Carbon Steel

Toughness
Edge retention
Cutting edge

There are dozens of stainless steel suppliers in Metro Manila; in fact, stainless steel is one of the most common steels used for various applications around the world. You may notice companies such as One Sky Philippines and many other steel manufacturers that highlight all the qualities of stainless steel.

For the use of knives, stainless steel is also commonly used but there is another steel that is uncommon and not widely known. High carbon steel. This type of steel is not as flexible as stainless steel but there are some great qualities that highlight high carbon steel for the use of knives. Let’s look into the characteristics of both types of steel.

Stainless Steel

You’ll find iron, carbon, and around 12% of chromium content. Chromium is a vital element for stainless steel. It’s what gives the blade’s outstanding corrosion resistance by creating a protective layer for the steel to resist the effects of oxidation.

Its amazing corrosion resistance makes these blades perfect for use under wet conditions. The higher the chromium content, the better its steel can resist rust. That is why stainless steel is the ideal choice for kitchen knives and diving knives. Here are some of the advantages of stainless steel.

Durability

The debate between stainless steel being tougher than carbon steel has not been settled yet. But one thing is for sure. In terms of overall durability. A stainless steel blade is tougher than carbon steel in that aspect. Stainless steel’s ability to resist rust greatly overcomes the ability of carbon steel.

Even with minimal maintenance, your stainless steel blades will take years or even decades before they rust. This is because of its chromium composition, the wonder element that fights rust and corrosion. To get in-depth with what chromium does; when oxygen makes contact with chromium, it creates a protective chromium oxide layer that combats steel degradation and corrosion.

Uses

Stainless steel blades are commonly used as kitchen knives, professional chef knives, and survival knives. They are perfect for moist to wet conditions. As a survival knife, stainless steel blades are perfect not only because of its ability to resist corrosion but its ease of sharpening.

Despite hard use, stainless steel blades can hold their edge, they may become dull but because of its softer structure than other metals, it is easier to sharpen back to its razor cutting edge. Stainless steel knives are perfect for all-around application.

Appearance

A stainless steels chrome blade will also look fresh even with minimal maintenance. What’s great about the appearance of stainless steel blades is that, even if the steel gets scratched or scuffed, the damaged area will still hold its luster. Stainless steel can be sanded and polished for a shiny look.

High Carbon Steel

Knives made with high carbon steel are known as the hardiest steels in the world. Though this type of steel contains no trace of chromium at all. That means that carbon steel is highly prone to rust and the effects of corrosion.

High maintenance is required in order to keep the steel in pristine quality. This may be the only major drawback of carbon steel blades, but under proper care and maintenance, your carbon steel blade can outshine any steel blade. Despite this type of steel being prone to rust and corrosion, its pros definitely outweigh the cons.

Toughness

High carbon steel blades are significantly harder than their stainless steel counterparts. They can handle much more punishment while retaining their blade quality. Overall wear resistance is what high carbon steel is always associated with.

There are many individuals who prefer using high carbons steel as a top choice for hunting and other outdoor activities. Though some may argue that its weak rust proofing will be a major flaw in such activities, what is needed is proper and meticulous blade maintenance. You could cut through some hardy materials without this blade bending or weakening.

Edge Retention

Due to their tougher construction. High carbon steel blades exceptionally retain their edge. They can stay sharp significantly longer than stainless steel blades.

You don’t have to worry about your high carbon knife become dull after some hard use. These types of blades can cut through almost anything without letting you down. You can make much more precise cuts with a carbon steel blade than a stainless steel one due to its tough razor sharp edge.

Cutting Edge

Because high carbon steel blades are known to retain their edge better than any other type of steel blade, this is ideal for professional chefs and hunters who need to make clean and precise cuts.

Without a doubt, a sharper blade makes chopping and cutting much easier and also makes it safer for the user to use. The clean cuts a high carbon steel blade makes reduces the amount of time needed for cutting, slicing, or chopping tasks. That makes everything more efficient.

Key Takeaway

In the end, it’s all up to user preference on whether he/she needs a carbon steel blade or a stainless steel blade. Though the two have their own pros and cons, they are none-the-less exceptionally great blade materials.

In Metro Manila, stainless steel suppliers always highlight the all-around use of stainless steels in various applications, while carbon steel craftsmen recognize the superior cutting edge and toughness of the highly specialized high carbon steel blades.

It’s up to you to measure the pros and cons of the two types of blades. Metal suppliers such as One Sky Philippines may be one of the best to ask if in case you need more information on the different types of steel.

January 29, 2019

Classification of Stainless Steels

What are the classifications of stainless steel?

Martensitic stainless steels
Ferritic stainless steels
Austenitic stainless steels
Duplex (Ferritic-Austenitic) stainless steels
Precipitation-Hardening (PH) stainless steels

Stainless steel is a very popular type of steel that is widely used for many different types of circumstances. Chances are, if you’ve taken a trip to your stainless steel supplier in Metro Manila, then you’ve probably noticed that there’s more than just one type of stainless steel.

What makes stainless steel such the popular material? Because of its low carbon content and the presence of chromium. It’s high-corrosion resistance and ability to combat the effects of oxidation are what makes stainless steels the ideal materials for silverware, pipes, and automotive parts. We’ve mentioned earlier that there’s not just one type of stainless steel. There are 5 different classifications of stainless steel, each is grouped by the alloying elements present in the steel:

Martensitic Stainless Steels

Martensitic stainless steels are a group under stainless alloys that are mainly made out of chromium and carbon with no nickel content. All grades of Martensitic stainless steels are magnetic and are harden-able with the use of heat treating. This class of stainless steel is known for its immense strength, hardy structural integrity, and incredible wear resistance. 7-grade types fall under this class of steel. T410, T410S, T414, T416, T420, T431, and T440.

Ferritic Stainless Steels

Ferritic stainless steels are great at resisting corrosion and are great at resisting loads of stress and cracking. These types of stainless steel are better at resisting corrosion than martensitic steels but are far more inferior to austenitic steels. Though ferritic steels are magnetic, heat treatment can’t be done to harden the steel. Although they can be cold worked. Ferritic stainless steels contain no nickel and are chromium steels, most of these types of steels are used for decorative purposes such as window frames, curtain rods, and some automotive uses such as exhaust systems. Grade types that fall under this class are T430, T405, T409, T434, T436, T442, and T446

Austenitic Stainless Steels

Austenitic Stainless Steels are the most common stainless steel class being used today. This class is high in chromium and nickel, delivering superior corrosion resistance and great mechanical properties. They can only be hardened through cold working and none of the austenitic stainless steel grades are magnetic. Though some may acquire magnetic properties through cold working. Austenitic stainless steel comes in three grade groups: standard grade, low carbon grade, and high carbon grade.

Standard grades contain no more than 0.08% carbon and with no minimum carbon requirement. Low carbon grades are perfect materials to be welded. As low grades have added corrosion resistance after welding. The carbon content of low grade austenitic stainless steels is kept at 0.03% and under. Any higher and the steel will be prone to corrosion due to carbide precipitation.

Low carbon grade austenitic stainless steels are ideal for welding due to its high-resistance against carbon precipitation. High carbon grade austenitic stainless steels have a minimum of 0.04% and a maximum of .10% carbon. Higher carbon steels are great at handling extreme temperatures and high stress. High carbon grade stainless steels are typically used in high-temperature environments. Austenitic stainless steel grades are T304, T316, T317, T321, T347.

Duplex Stainless Steels

Duplex stainless steels are a combination of ferritic and austenitic steels. Duplex steel grades have double the strength of ferritic and austenitic steels. Duplex steels have better toughness than ferritic stainless steels but aren’t as strong as austenitic grades. In terms of corrosion resistance, duplex stainless steels come really close to austenitic grades, some even slightly better.

The three duplex stainless steel grades are T2205, T2304, and T2507. Applications of this type of stainless steel can be seen in chemical processing and seawater equipment. In situations where high strength and exceptional corrosion resistance is required, duplex stainless steels are the best choice since they have a low coefficient of thermal expansion and high mechanical strength.

Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steel

This type of steel is a chromium-nickel type that can be heat-treated to strengthen and harden. What differentiates this type of stainless steel from the rest is its unique combination of qualities of strength, corrosion resistance, ease of heat-treatment, and fabric-ability. The two grades of Precipitation-hardening stainless steels are T17-4 and T15-5.

Key Takeaway

Learning the different types of stainless steels and their various grades is essential for choosing the right stainless steel to use specific purposes. In the Philippines, One Sky is the best place to go to if you’re looking for a stainless steel supplier in Metro Manila.

You can find all you need and get the best advice from One Sky Philippines. You can’t just use one type of stainless steel for multiple purposes. Without any knowledge about stainless steels, it may seem like there is just one type of this steel that serves an all-around purpose, but as discussed, there are several stainless steel classes and grades that all have their benefits for different types of tasks.

January 24, 2019

6 Ways Aluminum Is Used in Everyday Life

What are the ways aluminum is used in everyday life?

Packaging for food
Daily transportation
Construction work
Kitchen tools
Electrical power
Sturdy furniture

When it comes to aluminum profiles, suppliers in the Philippines rely on the amazing attributes of the material for the many products that they distribute. Aluminum has a multitude of applications in the industrial field as well as every household. In many palpable ways, the material opened up new dimensions for simplifying and increasing the quality of our daily lives.

Oftentimes, we use aluminum almost every single day and we don’t really realize it as much. Let’s discuss some of the common applications of aluminum in everyday life:

Packaging for Food

One example is aluminum foil. Aluminum foil remains in constant use. It consists of very thin sheets. From processed meats and sandwiches to dairy products stored in the fridge, aluminum foil is used in the packaging and preservation of food because it serves as a barrier against oxygen and water. Along with baking soda and hot water, it also helps in cleaning silverware.

Aluminum is also widely seen in a lot of cans; it can easily support the carbonation pressure of sodas. And it is by far, the most recycled beverage container. They’re also lightweight and easily stacked. In this way, it provides storage and shipping efficiencies that limit overall transportation carbon emissions with logistics and supply chains.

Daily Transportation

By all means of air, land, or sea transport, we use aluminum to some degree not only for external materials but also for mechanical components. The best example is that of airplanes where it is preferred due to its cost and relatively low weight.

Having a car is considered a necessity in today’s world and the identification of these vehicles means a license plate. Aluminum plates can be made easily and it is also recycled into other products with ease.

Apart from license plates and vehicles, aluminum materials are used along with other metals to form an alloy wheel. They are lighter, have better strength and better conduction of heat which is why the material is also used in the rims.

Construction Work

Companies like One Sky Philippines can attest to the fact that aluminum is necessary for construction work due to its flexible and malleable nature. It is a suitable material for supporting structures when properly combined with other components. Air tightness is one of the primary benefits of using aluminum in construction work. It does not suffer the same deterioration that plagues materials such as wood and steel. Aluminum is easier to work with as opposed to most other materials. This ultimately leads to a great deal of cost savings during the construction process.

Kitchen Tools

Aluminum is a common presence in the kitchen because of its good conductivity to heat. From serving utensils like spoons, forks, and knives to saucepans, aluminum utensils are sturdy pieces of material that can last a long time. Aluminum heats and cools down quickly, making it popular with short-order cooks in fast food chains who need to work quickly and efficiently. Compared to other materials, aluminum is less expensive which appeals to a lot of restaurateurs on a budget. Lastly, it has low toxicity and is a safer, more hygienic choice than any other metal.

Electrical Power

Aluminum has several advantages over other metal materials like silver, gold, and copper mainly because of its low cost and weight. Aluminum is used for high voltage towers wherein the power line should be light, flexible, and as economical as possible.

The material itself has high resistance to corrosion and is easy to weld which makes electric installations more durable and easier to repair. With the material’s superior conductivity, it is now used for wiring in residences, buildings, and other appliances.

Sturdy Furniture

Aluminum is often used in furniture designs because it is both strong and durable and won’t rust when exposed to harmful outdoor elements. In spite of its strength, it’s a light metal so other types of furniture won’t be that difficult to move around if you want to position it inside or out under the sun.

Aluminum is also used in windows frames as it is cheaper, lighter, and resistant to corrosion which makes it ideal for outdoor use when they are continuously exposed to moisture and humidity in the environment. Unlike other materials that require special care, aluminum simply needs soap and water for cleaning. The great thing about using aluminum outdoor furniture is that it comes in a variety of styles and finishes that are able to suit your style.

Key Takeaway

Most aluminum profile suppliers in the Philippines will tell you that aluminum makes a great material for everyday use. Today, companies like One Sky Philippines are dependent on this metal.

Aluminum is used on a bigger scale in a larger picture, whether being used as an electrical conductor, for transportation, the conservation of food, or in constructing the framework of buildings and other structures. The objects we use every day are made simpler and easier with aluminum.

January 10, 2019

5 Reasons to Choose Aluminum Windows and Doors

What are reasons to choose aluminum windows and doors?

Slim frames and maximum glass
Easy to maintain
Durability
Energy efficiency
Environmentally friendly

Aluminum is a very stable material used in a lot of varieties of furniture. Among the favorite uses of the metal by different aluminum suppliers in the Philippines is with utilizing it in windows and doors. These are some of the popular windows and doors which are mainly used for workplaces, industries, and other buildings. Aluminum is the main material used in creating these impeccably beautiful as well as strong doors and windows. It is becoming an increasingly popular choice for houses and contemporary buildings that we use in our day-to-day living.

If you’re looking to invest in new windows and doors for your home, here are the reasons why you should consider installing aluminum windows and doors:

Slim Frames and Maximum Glass

Aluminum is an ideal material for windows and doors. It is a low-density material, so you can achieve very slim line window frames which are both sturdy and strong. The superior strength of the aluminum can indeed withstand all weather conditions with no expansion or contraction during frosts or in bright sunlight. This maximizes the glass area and gives the best possible view. It’s especially important if your house has an impressive view that you want to make the most out of with your designs.

If you choose to have your aluminum windows delivered glazed, you can choose from a range of glass choices for flexibility. The choices for include colored patterned and obscured glass. You can also choose if you want it self-cleaned or with solar control properties for lower-maintenance and extra efficiency.

Easy to Maintain

Aluminum windows and doors are low maintenance products with high durability. Cleaning at a regular interval reduces the risk of breakdowns and keeps your doors and windows clean, bright, and lively. It only requires less maintenance to keep it looking good as new.

The best way to keep aluminum looking pristine is with regular cleaning in order to remove any build up dirt. If left for an extended period of time, grime can cause staining, and depending on the extent of staining will require a harsher cleaning system to remove the stain. Choose the mildest cleaning method possible and only move to successively harsh treatments if necessary.

Durability

Aluminum suppliers and companies like One Sky Philippines will tell you that aluminum is known for its durability properties especially when exposed to harmful elements. A lot of aluminum doors and windows offer supreme durability and longevity. It stays unaffected by UV rays and it will not rut, rust, or bend. Security is among the qualities you should look for in choosing for windows and doors. The robustness of aluminum provides superior strength to withstand any attacks. Aluminum is also fire-proof, offering added safety.

Unlike PVC windows and doors, aluminum is highly resistant to corrosion, capable of standing up to the many dangerous outside elements. You can rest assured aluminum systems will keep on working, providing style and performance without compromise.

Color and High-End Finish

Aluminum windows and doors are available in a wide variety of colors and finishes. You can choose to have a different color inside and out. Any high-end range of aluminum windows and doors should have a sleek powder coat finish, which means that it doesn’t need to be painted as long as the finish offers excellent longevity. Using powder coating is a much better finish in terms of eco-ratings.

Energy Efficiency

Aluminum is light, malleable, and an easy to work with material for doors and windows. It can offer high levels of wind, water, and air-tightness for best in-house energy efficiency resulting in warmer, fewer draught homes and lower energy bills. Aluminum windows and doors can easily achieve improvements in heat gain and heat loss by 60%, rivaling the more expensive timber or uPVC equivalents. With high-performance aluminum products, it has the capabilities to exceed rigid energy efficient standards.

Environmentally Friendly

Manufacturing aluminum and window and door products is a very sustainable process. Aluminum is an abundant material and is 100% recyclable without loss of quality, which is a highly-favored material for companies like One Sky Philippines. Recycling aluminum takes up 5% of the initial energy consumed to create it. You can rest assured that at the end of their long life, the aluminum doors and windows can be recycled and used all over again for a multitude of other applications.

Key Takeaway

If you’re looking to invest in a new set of windows and doors, no doubt, you need to be fully aware of the advantages of aluminum and also the type of window and door to choose.

Among the favorite uses of aluminum suppliers in the Philippines is for windows and doors. The reasons above can indeed tell you that it has many advantages when installing them in your own home or in other workplaces and industries. It became a popular choice because of its durability, easy maintenance, environmental friendliness, and you can choose a variety of colors and finishes.

December 11, 2018

6 Reasons Behind Aluminum’s Growing Popularity

What are the reasons behind aluminum’s growing popularity?

Aluminum market
Used in packaging
Consumer goods
Passed CAFE standards
Alloys
Everyday strength

The versatility of aluminum is so incredibly vast. This is essentially why it’s often regarded as one of the favored metals among aluminum suppliers in the Philippines. Aluminum can be processed in so many different ways and is often used in different applications where high strength and durability are critical considerations. It’s lightweight and malleable properties even make it the popular metal we use in our day-to-day living. Read on to know more reasons why aluminum is continuously becoming popular all around the world.

Aluminum Market

Aluminum is one of the most abundant elements that can be found on the earth’s crust. The bauxite ore is mined and refined into a powder which is then smelted into aluminum. The metal is a common commodity traded in many metal exchanges. Its total price often varies with the market, often with an overall much better value than other metals.

Aluminum is also a highly recyclable material, which means costs can be frugal for both metal and fabrication over long periods of time. It’s increasingly becoming a global market titan with the rise of companies like One Sky in the Philippines. Aluminum adds value to automotive markets while also filling the void on lower margin, commodity type grades.

Used in Packaging

As everyday consumers, we often see aluminum in different kinds of packaging as it holds heat and lightweight materials. One of the most common items we use is aluminum foil. In making a roll of aluminum foil, aluminum first passes through rolling mills at a particular pressure to get the right thickness. It is then later cooled and sent to a chilled rolling mill to prevent breakage.

Aluminum foil is also present in most homes and food industries. With everyday use, it helps pack food as well as line cooking pots and pans. Not only does it retain its temperature, but it also protects it. Aluminum prevents oxygen, moisture, and bacteria from damaging the food.

Consumer Goods

The appearance of aluminum is often used in consumer goods like smartphones, tablets, and flat-screen TVs. Its sophisticated appearance makes modern gadgets look sleek while at the same time light and durable.

Interior designers use aluminum because it’s easy to shape and looks aesthetically pleasing when making furniture items like lamps, chairs, and decorative panels. More and more, aluminum is replacing plastic and steel components, simply due to the fact that it is stronger than plastic and lighter than steel. It allows heat to disappear quickly, keeping it from overheating.

Passed CAFE standards

Among some of the common materials used in manufacturing vehicles, aluminum is the most promising material to guide automakers towards raising their awareness of the new fuel-economy standards. In 2013, more automotive companies are looking for ways to increase fuel economy since CAFE or Corporate Average Fuel Economy decided to adopt new standards. Some of the solutions have prominently featured the aluminum material.

Although it is one-third of the weight of steel, utilizing aluminum largely reduces the mass of a vehicle while still maintaining its strength. It can also be treated in many ways and combined into various alloys meeting specific needs.

Alloys

There are different kinds of aluminum alloys that can give outstanding surface quality, resistant to corrosion, and high strength to weight ratio.

6000 series aluminum is alloyed with magnesium and silicon and heat treatable, allowing it to be hardened after forming. It also performs well during crash or safety tests.

The 5000 series or non-heat treatable aluminum is also alloyed with magnesium, but this time, exhibits moderate-to-good strength, great resistance to corrosion, and welding characteristics. Its applications range from fuel tanks to marine applications, truck trailers, architectural panels, and some non-critical parts for automotive purposes.

Next, the 3000 series non-heat treatable material is associated with moderate strength as a general purpose alloy. It’s one of the preferable alloy series because it’s inexpensive formability makes for a uniform appearance.

Lastly, the 1000 series is also known as commercially pure aluminum. The extreme malleability makes it a good material for electricity, food and chemical handling, and even lighting. It is the softest among the common alloys that are perfectly suitable for projects where deep drawing quality is necessary.

Everyday Strength

Aluminum’s strength and durability are also trusted by companies like One Sky Philippines for some of the most extreme uses imaginable. Aluminum is used in window frames and curtain walls of some of the world’s tallest skyscrapers.

The material itself is so versatile that it is even used in making airplanes, buses, trucks and even ocean liners. In short, every day, people around the world trust aluminum’s astounding capabilities whether they’re aware of it or not.

Key Takeaway

Many aluminum suppliers in the Philippines will tell you that there are countless uses and products of aluminum which no other metal can compare. Aluminum can be found in everyday convenience items that are small and useful, as well as provide strength and stability to larger and costlier productions like cars, gadgets, and even construction.

June 11, 2018

Three Main Types of Aluminum Alloys and Their Ideal Uses

What are the three main types of aluminum alloys and what are their ideal uses?

Commercially pure aluminum alloys
Heat-treatable aluminum alloys
Non heat-treatable aluminum alloys

Aluminum is one of the most abundant metals and elements in the earth’s crust. It is also an exceptional material with several distinct properties and infinite uses which has earned it the title of “the miracle metal.” However, these aluminum products that we purchase from manufacturers like One Sky Aluminum aren’t 100% made from aluminum.

Products that are made from 100% aluminum are actually unheard of. Most of the aluminum items we use in our daily lives are actually made from different kinds of aluminum alloys. To make these alloys, different elements like iron, silicon, magnesium, copper, and manganese are combined with aluminum. The addition of these elements results in a product that have qualities of both materials.

In order for manufacturers to know what is added, these aluminum alloys are assigned a 4-digit number. The first digit indicates the main alloying element while the rest tell other details that we will not get into today. What’s important is that you know alloys are further categorized into different series using these numbers. Now that you know of this, we can discuss the three main types of aluminum, the different series under them, and the different ways they are being used.

Commercially Pure Aluminum Alloys

Commercially pure aluminum alloys are the closest thing we have to a pure aluminum material. Although they can be put under the non-heat-treatable aluminum alloy category, they are separated from the rest because these alloys are comprised of aluminum that has 99% or higher purity. Only one alloy series is included in this category and it is the 1xxx series.

The 1xxx series of aluminum alloys is known for being highly conductive of heat and electricity, corrosion resistant, ductile, and workable. All these qualities make it the perfect material for electrical applications like power grids and transmission lines. However, this aluminum alloy is most commonly used by the food and chemical processing industries for packaging.

Heat-Treatable Aluminum Alloys

The strength of heat-treatable alloys is produced through a process that starts with heat-treating and ends with quenching or rapid cooling. Heat-treating is when the alloys are heated to specific temperatures often reaching 900 to 1050 °F. After which, they are rapidly cooled in order for the solute atoms to freeze in place.

Under the heat-treatable aluminum alloys are the 2xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series which are combined with copper, magnesium, and silicon (magnesium silicide), and zinc, respectively.

The 2xxx series is incredibly strong and tough but is not as corrosion resistant as other alloys. To combat this poorness in atmospheric corrosion resistance, it is often clad with a 6xxx series or a high-purity alloy. Because of these qualities, it has become a widely known aircraft alloy.

The reason the 6xxx series is used together with the 2xxx series is that it has excellent corrosion resistance but moderate strength. Aside from this, it is also versatile, formable, and weldable. The most common use for this series is in architectural and structural applications and automobile production, although it can also be used to create marine and truck frames.

Another aluminum alloy that is used in the aircraft industry is the 7xxx series. This is a very high strength alloy which is often used in airframe structures and other highly stressed parts.

Non Heat-Treatable Aluminum Alloys

Unlike the heat-treatable alloys which are strengthened through heat-treating, non-heat treatable alloys obtain their strength through cold-working or strain hardening. This is a process were the metal is strengthened by continuously changing its shape without the use of heat. It involves rolling and stretching the aluminum into thin gauges in order to get stronger. There are also 3 series under this type namely the 3xxx, 4xxx, and 5xxx series.

In the 3xxx series, manganese is used as the principal alloying element. The material produced from the addition of this element good workability and moderate strength. Serving as a general purpose alloy, this series may be used in basic applications like the production of cooking utensils, heat exchangers, and aluminum beverage cans.

When silicon is mixed with aluminum—as it is with the 4xxx series—it lowers the melting point of the end product without at all affecting the brittleness, hence making the perfect material for brazing alloys and welding wires. This is the most widely used filler alloy especially when welding 6xxx series alloys for automotive and structural applications.

Finally, we have the 5xxx series which makes uses magnesium as an alloying element. Note that it only uses magnesium and not magnesium and silicon like in the 6xxx series. Aluminum alloys in this series are widely used for manufacturing, building, construction, and other marine applications because of their moderate to high strength, corrosion resistance, and good weldability. Examples of its applications include electronics, storage tanks, pressure vessels, and aluminum beverage can lids.

Key Takeaway

Manufacturers like One Sky Aluminum don’t just make use of a single kind of aluminum alloy. The materials they use depend heavily on the product they are making.

If it’s for food and chemical packaging, then you can easily assume that a commercially pure aluminum alloy is being used. For automobile or electrical applications? Heat-treatable alloys are best for the job. Need something for welding or architectural and structural applications? Then you may want to get a non-heat-treatable aluminum alloy.

These differences may not mean much for an ordinary person, but they matter a great deal to distributors and manufacturers. Simply using any aluminum alloy available is not acceptable. Information like this is crucial to the quality of their end products.

However, even if you are simply an ordinary person, it is still important that you know the differences in these aluminum alloys. Knowledge like this may come in handy when you’re renovating your house or undertaking some DIY projects!