Page not found – Onesky https://onesky.ph Onesky Mon, 18 May 2020 06:05:32 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.2.4 https://onesky.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/cropped-logo-only-1-32x32.png Page not found – Onesky https://onesky.ph 32 32 What are the Uses of Tempered Glass? https://onesky.ph/blog/uses-of-tempered-glass/ https://onesky.ph/blog/uses-of-tempered-glass/#respond Tue, 19 May 2020 04:41:53 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1654 What are the uses of tempered glass? Automotive Use Screen Protection Construction Material Commercial Uses Home Appliances Solar Panels   …

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What are the uses of tempered glass?
  1. Automotive Use
  2. Screen Protection
  3. Construction Material
  4. Commercial Uses
  5. Home Appliances
  6. Solar Panels

 

One of the most common uses of tempered glass is providing protection for smartphones, but there is more to this material than you know. Tempered glass is a highly durable and strong type of glass that is used for many applications aside from the previously mentioned purpose.

Tempered glass is a strong type of glass that can resist breakage far more than the different options for glass including annealed glass. It is not impervious to pressure but it is safe enough for those types of accidents since the glass shatters in blunt pieces.

What are the other installation options for tempered glass in different industries, find out here!

 

Automotive Use

Most of the vehicles that you see are protected with tempered glass for everyday use. Car windshields use this type of glass since it can lessen the dangers that a normal glass would impose. Once the car has run into a collision, the broken glass shards coming from the windshield can lead to serious complications for the person behind the wheel and his passengers.

With the use of tempered glass, the pieces of glass are non-threatening since it is not lethal enough to kill. The use of tempered glass in vehicles has led to increased protection for cars since its strong properties are not likely to break off during an accident and its shards are designed to protect the people from getting injured by it.

 

Screen Protection

Screen Protection

As you might have guessed, the application of tempered glass for monitors is included in this list. Although the smartphone is the most well-known device to use this type of glass, a good deal of electronic equipment with monitors are also perfectly utilizing the tempered glass for their protection.

Nowadays, you can see laptop or PC screens and even gaming consoles like the Nintendo Switch with tempered glass since there are a lot of people who are using this as a screen guard for devices. This is a preventive measure that can protect monitors from any untoward accidents. Additionally, tempered glass is scratch-proof which is why it is a great addition to devices.

 

Construction Material

Contractors are appreciative of tempered glass as well because this is a safe and practical option for their projects. The safety that tempered glass can provide for houses is especially highlighted. Its durability can be maximized in a number of ways which is why it is one of the most used construction materials for windows, sliding doors, skylights, bathtub enclosures, shower doors, balcony doors, and even swimming pools. Office environments can even use it for their doors, and they can even use it for their writing boards.

 

Commercial Uses

Commercial Uses

You can see tempered glass in public spaces and for commercial uses every day. On your daily commute, ads that are on display at bus stops are guarded by tempered glass. There are elevators that are laden with tempered glass as well. The number of commercial uses gives way to the flexibility that tempered glass can give to different applications. Not to mention that it is an affordable choice for different kinds of uses.

 

Home Appliances

You have probably seen this on the appliances that you have at home and tempered glass is one of the best materials for them because of its heat-resistance and durability. You can most commonly see this use in microwave ovens because they have a tempered glass dish on the device that serves as the asset that can allow food to heat at a high temperature.

 

Solar panels

Solar Panels

Solar panels are highly regarded as one of the most eco-friendly energy sources for people. With the purpose at which the panels operate, it is no wonder that engineers have constructed their form to withstand heat and extreme stress. With this, tempered glass plays a part in making up the efficient use of the solar panels. Since tempered glass is also known as toughened glass, it is mainly used for panels that require high-strength applications. Additionally, there is an option to choose a plate or a tempered glass for your panels but most manufacturers and consumers usually choose the latter.

 

Key Takeaway

If you are simply using this as your guide to learn more about the uses of tempered glass, then feel free to make informed choices about the products that you use with this type of material. It is important that you know how capable it is to withstand the heat, strength, or durability agents that it will be subject to. By knowing where else you can find tempered glass, you can find out if it is a match to the project that you have in mind. Let this serve as your reminder that tempered glass is one of the best types of glass that you can find on the market which is why you can use it for more than a dozen applications.

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What Is Fire Rated Glass? https://onesky.ph/blog/what-is-fire-rated-glass/ https://onesky.ph/blog/what-is-fire-rated-glass/#respond Mon, 18 May 2020 04:17:33 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1646 What is fire-rated glass? Used for Ultimate Safety and Protection How Does Fire-Rated Glass Work? Testing and Rating   Glass …

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What is fire-rated glass?
  1. Used for Ultimate Safety and Protection
  2. How Does Fire-Rated Glass Work?
  3. Testing and Rating

 

Glass is a material that is beneficial in a number of ways and is used in plenty of applications in our daily lives. If you’re lucky enough to get your hands on glass from a notable supplier, its components contain chemical treatments and coatings that will be durable enough for practical uses. However, a material such as glass offers more than just pleasing appearances and practicality. More and more people have been utilizing a material such as fire-rated glass for its functional safety measures. It is one of the toughest glasses that has ever been formulated.

Today we will be addressing everything you need to know about fire-rated glass and how this technology can hugely benefit homes, businesses, and establishments today.

 

Used for Ultimate Safety and Protection

When you are building a home or establishing a business, safety, and security is surely one of the key priorities that make it to the top of the list. Because of this, people are opting to install fire-rated glass for ultimate security and protection. As the name implies, this material of glass offers a certain degree of protection when placed in the face of fire. This may come as a shock to you because glass is known to shatter when placed in high temperatures. However, because of the vast array of technologies in the glass industry, fire-rated glass is formulated and designed to suit fire hazards and safety requirements.

 

How Does Fire-Rated Glass Work?

How Does Fire Rated Glass Work

Fire-rated glass boasts its capability to provide safety to spaces. It is crafted with glazing that prevents the material from cracking, breaking, and shattering for a specified amount of time. Standard and typical glass products generally shatter around 500 degrees Fahrenheit. If a fire were to occur in an establishment or a home, the heat may even surpass this temperature. Standard tempered glass products won’t be able to withstand it for at least 250 degrees Fahrenheit,

On the other hand, since fire-rated glass is specially formulated to be able to withstand high heat, its material can hold up in temperatures above 1600 degrees fahrenheit. There are many reasons why fires occur in establishments and households, but utilizing this in the area may be able to save lives and further damage. It does this because of this intumescent layer between the glass panels.

Fire-rated glass additionally helps keep flames and smoke from spreading from one space to another. This helps greatly in restricting fire damage to a specific and limited area.

Lastly, the exhibition of high clarity is also one great benefit you can reap by utilizing fire-rated glass in your spaces. Since glass is transparent, it provides a particularly aesthetically pleasing benefit, but it also contributes to a safety aspect in terms of identification. It will be easier to identify and recognize the locations of flames and smoke to help individuals plan a more successful escape plan.

 

Testing and Rating

Testing And Rating

Fire-rated glasses are also put under quality check and product inspection to guarantee that it is fabricated to the highest quality, will provide the utmost safety, and meets the requirements for various classifications and approvals. It additionally ensures its viability when emergencies arise.

This process will determine its performance and the glasses will be assigned an appropriate rating based on its results. These are based on the duration for which the glass can stand firm against high and extreme temperatures of heat, and the thermal shock that it can tolerate when water from fire hoses and sprinklers are encountered with the surface.

So if you are looking for a fire-rated glass to install to your space, the type of fire rating varies and depends on intended use (commercial, medical, doors, interiors) and where the glass will be placed in a space. Some glasses can even provide performance of up to 120 minutes of integrity and insulation.

Key Takeaway

Since safety and security are some of the top factors homeowners and establishments need for their business today, opting for a fire-rated glass will do the trick. It is crafted to provide visual appeal, functionality, and utmost safety to spaces.

One Sky has been working closely with all of our clients and customers to help them find the right glass for their endeavors. To learn more about the extensive range of glass products that we have in store, you can contact us by clicking here!

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Qualities To Look For In An Aluminum Supplier https://onesky.ph/blog/aluminum-supplier-qualities/ https://onesky.ph/blog/aluminum-supplier-qualities/#respond Tue, 05 May 2020 08:17:14 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1639 What are the qualities that you should look for in aluminum suppliers? Expertise Quality of Products Is Their Delivery In …

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What are the qualities that you should look for in aluminum suppliers?
  1. Expertise
  2. Quality of Products
  3. Is Their Delivery In High Standards?
  4. Competitive Prices
  5. Professional Background

No matter what your reasons are for requiring aluminum, we’re sure that you deserve the best with the most appropriate material to get the job done efficiently and effectively. Especially if you are a business that requires this to complete your machining, structural, or architectural endeavors.

Your standards for the qualities of an aluminum supplier are likely high. In this day and age, there are many vendors who supply aluminum. It is always essential to run down the qualities of each supplier to deliver you nothing less than quality and dependability for your money.

To provide you only the best experience and quality material, here are the five qualities you should be looking into when you’re looking for an aluminum supplier.

Expertise

If you’re looking for high-quality material, you’re going to need an aluminum supplier that possesses comprehensive and thorough knowledge about the product and its market. Companies that lack in this may result in you purchasing products that can be easily damaged. The expertise of the company will also ensure you, the customer, that you are not being supplied with faulty products.

This will also help first-time customers who are looking for the best aluminum that can cater to their needs and use. Does the company have product diversification? High-quality and reputable companies will be more than happy to assist you with their expert advice in the process of finding the best aluminum they have in store for you.

Quality of Products

Quality of Products

The quality of the products of an aluminum supplier is one of the factors that should take center stage. There is no doubt that you only want the best for your projects, and sticking to quality will benefit you greatly along the way. When you are provided with quality items, it will last longer compared to purchasing items that would spoil in a short amount of time.

Additionally, if the aluminum you purchase is in high standards, it will surely work more effectively. Hence, if you are on the lookout for the best aluminum supplier, make sure that you are looking into the quality of their products.

Is Their Delivery In High Standards?

When do you need your projects to be done? If you are strict in your timeframe matters, look for a company and a supplier that values service and delivery performance. Time is a very important resource.

A good aluminum supplier is reliable and has prompt service. They should be able to follow through with their commitment to delivering the material on the day it was promised. The last thing you need is a supplier that doesn’t value your time or your business.

Make sure that the company you will be choosing to supply your aluminum has the inventory, tools, and work pool to comply with even the most complex orders quickly, efficiently, and reasonably. Along the way, your aluminum materials should also be handled with care on the way to delivery.

They should be packaged and handled appropriately. This way, you will feel confident that your project will be put into good hands and will be accomplished in due time.

Competitive Prices

Competitive Prices

We know the value of money for any customer. The last thing you want is to get ripped off when making a transaction. Keep in mind that when you are on the lookout for an aluminum supplier, fair pricing should always be considered, especially if you’re looking to purchase aluminum in large quantities.

A great supplier should comply with your budget and give you the most out of your hard-earned money. Lastly, they should also be transparent with you based on the price of their product, the processing, packaging, and shipping.

Professional Background

The internet is a great platform to see how reputable the aluminum supplier is. Do they have a social media presence? Do they own a website? Use these platforms as an advantage to see how professional the supplier is. Their professional background is one of the key determinants.

Take into consideration the satisfaction and reviews from their previous clients and customers as well. These are the best ways to gauge if a supplier provides quality products and excellent service.

Key Takeaway

Use this guideline as a reference point when you are searching for the best aluminum supplier in the market. Looking at the qualities of an aluminum supplier will not only give you the best quality aluminum material, but it will also help build trust between you and your supplier.

Established in 2011, One Sky continues to be the best aluminum and stainless supply enterprise in the Philippines. If you are looking for quality material and great service, we will be more than happy to assist you with your needs. Click here for more details!

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Why You Should Consider Aluminum Furniture https://onesky.ph/blog/why-consider-aluminum-furniture/ https://onesky.ph/blog/why-consider-aluminum-furniture/#respond Tue, 28 Apr 2020 07:33:37 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1631 What are the benefits of aluminum furniture? Aluminum furniture is lightweight Offered in a wide range of designs It is …

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What are the benefits of aluminum furniture?
  1. Aluminum furniture is lightweight
  2. Offered in a wide range of designs
  3. It is rust-free
  4. Low maintenance furniture
  5. Highly durable and versatile
  6. It is weatherproof
  7. Aluminum is very affordable

The many benefits of aluminum furniture are easily seen in the way it livens up an interior design or an outdoor space. Although it is apparent that aluminum furniture has the potential to be the most popular furniture choice for homes, people shy away from getting their own set for themselves because they don’t fully know the advantages of aluminum. If you are one of those people who are hesitant to look at the selection of aluminum furniture near you, then this article is for you. Learn more about it below!

Aluminum Furniture Is Lightweight

Redecorating your home can be difficult if your furniture is not made to be moved around. You won’t have a problem with this if you have aluminum furniture in your home. If you plan on rearranging your furniture every once in a while, aluminum is a great choice since you would not spend too much effort dragging or pushing it around. It is not very heavy in comparison to other types of furniture. The material is easy to pick up and therefore it wouldn’t be too much of a burden to move it around the house which is very useful if you are used to arranging your home a certain way. 

Offered in a Wide Range of Designs

Abstract Aluminum Art Artistic 237696 Min

Aluminum furniture styles can suit any preference of a person due to the wide variety of designs available in the market. There is a myriad of variations that can range from classic looks to a modern feel. With many options to choose from in the market, you can envision many types of atmosphere or setting for your home. 

There are many surface finishes that you can also choose from starting with a smooth surface, textured, or even grainy. If you are looking for a more rugged down look, you can also choose a weathered-down version or a “distressed” look. Your color preferences can also be accommodated with cool or earth tones. 

It Is Rust-Proof

If you are considering using aluminum furniture as an outdoor piece then you are in luck because this material is rust-proof. This is one of the unbelievable characteristics of aluminum furniture because you wouldn’t need to worry about damaging it while you place them outside. Not only is it stylish but it is fully functional as well. Whether you expose the furniture to direct sunlight or rainfall, then it wouldn’t rust in comparison to iron or steel. Knowing that it can withstand corrosion and rust can help you determine if aluminum is the right furniture choice for you. 

Low Maintenance Furniture

Kitchen And Dining Area 1080721 Min

Since aluminum is technically rust-free, it also stands to reason that you don’t have to be too meticulous in maintaining it. You wouldn’t need to take care of it every chance you get but you can still be guaranteed that you can retain the distinct look of aluminum furniture. It is consistent in design without requiring too much maintenance. Cleaning it is easy as pie since you just need to hose it down with water and that’s it. Considering that it is rust-free, this cleaning method will not dull down its appearance or function for your home.

Highly Durable and Versatile

Strength is one of the many benefits of aluminum furniture because it will be able to withstand rusting or chipping all while maintaining its tough and sturdy quality. Most aluminum furniture suppliers are known to construct products of the highest durability which is why this is a major benefit of this furniture type. The long lifespan of aluminum aims to deliver the best in furniture quality which is especially exhibited by its corrosion-free functionality. This type of furniture is also less likely to bend or deform under its weight which should be one of your primary considerations when you are choosing furniture. 

It Is Weatherproof

Aluminum can be used in different weather conditions as well. It can withstand extreme temperatures, whether it is warm or cold. For those who are looking at aluminum furniture as material for their outdoor or open spaces, the weatherproof component will be beneficial in the long run. It would be even better if your furniture is made from untreated aluminum because its oxide layer provides more weather resistance. 

Aluminum Is Affordable

Low Angle Photography Of Pile Of Stainless Steel Chairs With 691485 Min

Furniture doesn’t have to be very expensive. If you can find one that is pleasing to the eye, extremely functional and does a good job of complementing the overall look of your home, then you are all set. This is what aluminum furniture is. Because it is affordable for everyone, more people in the market are realizing how they can benefit from this type of furniture. Investing in aluminum furniture will be worth it and you will see it when the prior benefits mentioned here are exhibited in the set that you will use for your home. 

Key Takeaway

These are just some of the advantages of aluminum furniture. If you want to explore more about it, the best choice is to purchase one for yourself and see its greatest functionalities. The benefits of aluminum furniture don’t simply lie in their aesthetic purposes. It also increases the functionality of your home fixtures. Although it is offered in many types, aluminum is not just about design. You would be surprised how functional it can be as a part of your home, so why not make the necessary switch to aluminum furniture today?

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Things You Need to Know About Recycling Glass https://onesky.ph/blog/things-need-know-recycling-glass/ https://onesky.ph/blog/things-need-know-recycling-glass/#respond Tue, 31 Mar 2020 08:07:15 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1623 What are the things you need to know about recycling glass? Why Glass is Great for Recycling The Glass Recycling …

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What are the things you need to know about recycling glass?
  1. Why Glass is Great for Recycling
  2. The Glass Recycling Cycle
  3. How to do it the right way

 

If you want to extend your help and get into the recycling movement, then you are doing the industry (and the world) a great favor by contributing to the Glass Recycling Cycle. In your own small way, you are lessening the production of industrial and commercial waste by making sure that we are not adding to the metric tons of waste that become environmentally destructive landfills. Let’s shed a little light on the importance of glass and the process of glass recycling.

 

Why Glass is Great for Recycling

Why Glass Is Great For Recycling

Why Glass? Glass has very high utility and is one of the only materials that are fully reusable without any losses and deterioration in purity and overall composition.

Manufacturers can repurpose recycled glass and recover close to 100% of the raw materials needed for their finished products. In fact, recycled glass is often used in the recipe for glass production and decreases the work needed to be exerted by furnaces and machines, largely reducing energy consumption in the process.

 

The Glass Recycling Cycle

So where does my collection of glass bottles and jars really go?

First, all the recyclable glass items are brought to local curbside bins, ideally already segregated for ease of categorization later on in the process. If available, there are also business recycling containers that follow a similar flow. They are brought to local recycling drop-off locations to join a mass collection of all recycled materials from various areas.

After they are all collected, they are delivered to a Material Recovery Facility (or an MRF). From here on, the materials are categorized and segregated by type, whether it’s for plastic, glass, etc.

Now we follow the travel path of the glass collectibles, as they are shipped off for the next procedure to a specialized glass processing company. From here we remove and separate any glass contaminants, for effective and ideal reuse and repurposing of other interested parties. Further along, they are sorted by color. This is done to make sure that the glass can be made into the correct specifications of the company who will purchase the glass items for their own manufacturing and production. For example, if their brand needs clear bottles, then any speck of color or tint will be rendered unusable.

Then the glass is molded and formed by the respective glass container manufacturers and forwarded in bulk to the interested companies as new bottles and jars, just as needed and specified. They are prepared as “cullets”, the term coined by the industry for purified, contaminant-free, furnace-ready recycled glass.

Down the line, these bottles and jars are filled with the commercial beverages and bottled food that we the consumers enjoy. After they are consumed, we do our part and go back to step one and deposit the recyclable glass items to the respective waste bins to continue the glass recycling cycle.

 

How to do it the right way

How To Do It The Right Way

First off, you have to help the cycle along in every possible way and make it easier for our recycling services to do their job. If you have the option, always dispose of your glass in the correct disposal bin. Furthermore, you should separate glass used as containers for drinks and food from those that are used for windows and glass panels, etc. They have a different chemical composition after use, as industrial glass is treated with chemicals, which give them different temperature thresholds and melting points vis-à-vis a bottle of soda.

You can also separate them by color and transparency, as they are intended for reuse by companies who already produce uniform re-bottling and packaging units on a massive scale. Clearly, if they sell and market green-colored bottles, then they would opt to repurpose glass of the same shade.

To maintain its integrity, try to keep your recyclable bottles in one piece, unbroken. Not all the repurposing companies have the machinery to completely melt and restructure these bottles so you’ll know it will be of better utility when you can retain its original state.

In line with that, go the extra mile and clean the bottles before sending them out to the trash bins or to your local recycler. It may have contaminants and other elements that will deter the process and add an extra step to the recycling process, which you can definitely help with a simple, thoughtful rinse.

 

Key Takeaway

With a small change in your daily habits and a little bit of awareness, you can make a major contribution to the preservation environment. Next time you empty out a glass bottle or jar at home, think of how you can be a part of the greater good and make a huge difference to the bigger picture, by just sending it off to the right waste bin, and back into the cycle.

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Benefits of Aluminum Railings https://onesky.ph/blog/benefits-aluminum-railings/ https://onesky.ph/blog/benefits-aluminum-railings/#respond Thu, 26 Mar 2020 07:55:48 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1618 Are you at a crossroads on what material you should use for your railings? Should it be steel, wood, vinyl …

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Are you at a crossroads on what material you should use for your railings? Should it be steel, wood, vinyl or aluminum? What you decide now will be committed to construction and will probably be set for years to come, so you have to choose wisely. With all of its advantages, aluminum is the most ideal option. Why? Let’s take a look at the many benefits of aluminum railings, and why it is the optimal choice of material and make for your new veranda, deck or patio.

 

Material Strength

No matter what shape or size it’s melded into, aluminum has a very sturdy composition and can withstand various alterations while still maintaining its durability vs. wear and tear over time. It’s a tenacious metal that holds well regardless of how it’s used. Aluminum is also very lightweight and can be easily transported to the project site, which is a plus for contractors. But that’s why some people misconstrue aluminum as a softer metal, because it’s seen in the market as aluminum foil or aluminum cans – but don’t mistake its versatility for weakness! It’s also used in heavy-duty construction, with a very impressive strength vs. weight ratio. Aluminum can also be augmented with other alloy metals. Remember that it is also used for industrial applications, in putting up buildings, bridges and the like.

 

Style Applications

Modern Architecture Terrace Aluminum Rail And Fall Protection

Playing to its other strength of tenacity and versatility, you can mold aluminum into more intricate and detailed designs, allowing you to craft even the most complex railing patterns to match your overall motif with virtually no limitations. Your outdoor deck can have a French Quarter inspired look, old-fashioned and traditional, or sleek and modern – you can bend and mold aluminum easily without worrying if it will stand the test of time. You can also apply a powder coating to add a splash color and vibrancy, to make your railings stand out even more. Whereas if you want to build with galvanized steel and add some color, you’ll have a difficult time making paint stick to the steel surface, and when it does, expect that it will peel off after some time anyway.

 

Less Maintenance

You won’t need to do any heavy-duty cleaning with aluminum. Nor will you even need to paint it, stain it, or have it treated; you can count on its powdered coating to protect it and maintain the railings in best condition. All you need is a handy rag or sponge, and then a good hose-down with water, but even this is a rarity and only a concern if you are extra meticulous about dust and dirt, otherwise you can just let it exist and bask for months on end.

 

Longevity and Resistance

Metal Railing At The Facade Building Monochrome

Aluminum can withstand all the kinds of natural outside forces like rain, the hot sun, and its ultraviolet rays. What’s more, it will retain its composition and structure for many years without any alterations or deformations. Nor will it shrink or expand extensively due to external weather and temperature. Wood, on the other hand, will warp and deform over time, not to mention the possibility of rot and decay. Plus, you may need to treat it with chemicals.

In line with that, corrosion resistance is one of the best benefits of aluminum railings. Steel is sturdy and malleable, but it is also highly susceptible to rust. That will lead to discoloration and decrease the aesthetic value of the entire construction. It also becomes an added danger should there be any semi-sharp mold jutting out of the fixture, and rust can reduce the strength of the steel, making it brittle and decomposed. With aluminum, you can rest assured that it is rust-free in most environments, so dispel all these worries and enjoy the same view in the years to come.

 

Sustainable and Recyclable

And for those who are looking at the long-term, consciously making choices that benefit and consider the environment, then aluminum is the material you should definitely use and explore for all your building projects. Aluminum is recyclable and reusable, to the point where waste segregation services will separate aluminum items because they have great utility and retain high value even after disposal. It will not be smushed into the heaps of undesirable by-products like plastic but all other prospective materials, like wood, steel composites, and vinyl, will definitely be only good for one-time use and get discarded without a second look.

 

Key Takeaway

As you build your outdoor deck, and actually, for any railings that you plan to have made, make the smart choice and go aluminum. With all the benefits of aluminum railings in virtually all aspects over the alternatives – in composition strength, aesthetic malleability, overall lifespan, and reusability, you can be sure that you won’t regret your decision in the long-run.

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How to Burglarproof Your Home with Shatterproof Glass https://onesky.ph/blog/burglarproof-home-shatterproof-glass/ https://onesky.ph/blog/burglarproof-home-shatterproof-glass/#respond Wed, 25 Mar 2020 07:31:57 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1613 How can you burglarproof your home with shatterproof glass? Examine your windows Contact the experts Take extra precautionary measures   …

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How can you burglarproof your home with shatterproof glass?
  1. Examine your windows
  2. Contact the experts
  3. Take extra precautionary measures

 

As a homeowner, you won’t be able to sleep at night without the comfort of knowing that your house is safe and sound. Same goes when you’re out to work, or have to leave town for a few days. One practical and vital countermeasure: burglar-proof your windows. This is critical in securing and protecting your home from any intruders and trespassers. If you (and you should) make this upgrade, replace your window panes with shatterproof glass as soon as you can. We’ll discuss how it’s the best way to protect you and your loved ones from an untimely break-in.

 

Examine your windows

Pool Terrace And Pink Floating Duck In Infinity Swimming Pool

Why the windows? They are the most vulnerable part of your home. The thin glass only takes a few seconds to penetrate and break, buying time for the criminals to loot your belongings and hatch their escape plan. Unsecured, they also serve as multiple entry points to your home. What’s more, there are numerous ways to reduce the noise of shattering – a large damp towel can cushion a portion of the glass shards, for instance.

The windows also place your house interior on display for the public to view. Those with criminal intent can do a preliminary scan of how your furniture is situated, your daily patterns and behaviors, and what high-value items can be pilfered. Should a break-in be attempted, your windows are the easiest and most efficient gateway to enter through.

As early as you can, you should augment your most exposed windows of opportunity, if not all, with shatterproof glass. It is made of plastic plates and resin, or a laminated interlayer of elastic polymers, nestled inside two glass panels to prevent instantaneous shattering. Excessive external blunt or piercing force results in the glass cracking into a web-like pattern at most, but does not create any openings or holes where the trespasser can lodge his hand in and open the window latch from inside. It will remain as one solid sheet of glass.

It will take a large amount of pounding and smashing before the first layer comes off – and by that time any other people outside, roving law enforcement, or your own security measures can kick in and alert the authorities about a possible break-in. The burglar-proof windows give people who happen to be inside ample time to contact any emergency hotlines to call for help or take necessary defensive measures.

 

Contact the Experts

All it takes to add this important safety and security deterrent is a call to your local shatterproof glass supplier and arrange for an assessment/ocular of your house and all its windows. They will be able to identify the primary security risks that can be helped along by installing a layer of shatterproof glass. After all, you wouldn’t want to scrimp on the safety of your family, and all your prized possessions and devices.

 

Take extra precautionary measures

Empty Door In Living Room Interior Background

To truly burglar-proof your windows, you also have to take some extra precautionary measures in ensuring that you decrease the chances of theft taking place in your residence.

Consider installing bars or grills on the most prominent windows of your house as an added safety measure. Solid metal obstructions will only improve your indoor security. While they may also obstruct your view of the streets, think that it goes both ways. But make sure that you take into account your municipality’s fire code and identify the fire exits before you do this!

A trusty motion detection/sensor system for when you are away from the vicinity can also aid in the immediate response and reporting of any anomalous movement. Paired with a webcam set-up facing strategic access points, it will allow you to monitor all unauthorized activity on the premises.

You should also obscure the view of potential opportunists. Install blinds or one-way tinting to your windows if possible. Or you can discourage them altogether. Remove valuables and expensive appliances from outsiders’ direct line of sight. The last thing you want is to entice malicious elements to make your home a viable target for the burglary.

 

Key Takeaway

These incidents happen to the most unsuspecting people, so don’t be part of the statistic. Reach out to a trusted glass supplier; invest in making your burglar-proof your windows by installing shatterproof glass.

A little home security improvement, even just to the windows, spells the vast difference between a good night’s sleep, and a torturous night in the precinct reporting all your lost possessions and valuables.

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5 Reasons Why Stainless Steel Furniture Is a Great Choice https://onesky.ph/blog/reasons-stainless-steel-furniture-great-choice/ https://onesky.ph/blog/reasons-stainless-steel-furniture-great-choice/#respond Fri, 13 Mar 2020 07:17:12 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1608 Why should you choose stainless steel furniture? Durable High resistance against corrosion Heat resistant Versatile Low-maintenance   Stainless steel is …

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Why should you choose stainless steel furniture?
  1. Durable
  2. High resistance against corrosion
  3. Heat resistant
  4. Versatile
  5. Low-maintenance

 

Stainless steel is arguably one of the most useful materials in the earth. Many industries have been able to experiment on ways to utilize stainless steel in varying manufacturing processes. The material has many highly-attractive qualities, like high strength, high ductility, corrosion-resistant, and durability.

These desirable qualities make stainless steel also a good choice in furniture manufacturing. Stainless steel furniture has benefits which people can take advantage of, in their own households.

If you want to learn more about why you should consider buying stainless steel furniture, then it would be in your best interest to continue reading.

 

Durable

As mentioned before, durability is one of the qualities of stainless steel. When such a material is incorporated into the different elements or parts of furniture, it offers an added benefit that is arguably better compared to other materials, like wood.

For example, a glass coffee table made with stainless steel legs would provide this piece of furniture with a higher level of stability and durability, compared to, if the material were made of wood.

Technically speaking, various chemical alterations have already been conducted on the stainless steel material to increase its strength. Particularly, the size of the grain in stainless steel has been made finer.

The added durability allows you to use the stainless steel coffee table for long durations without having to ever worry about it suddenly giving away, or breaking. Apart from the material itself, processes like stainless steel alloying also give the material a higher level of durability.

 

High resistance against corrosion

Stainless Steel Tables And Chairs In High School Student Canteen

One of the most frustrating things about dealing with furniture made out of wood is that they can easily be alterable if they’re exposed to the elements.

For example, if you own a dining table largely made out of wood, it can easily be subjected to irreversible damages if it experiences a constant level of spillage from water or other kinds of fluids. The wood would eventually display discoloration, and it may even slowly break apart because of the high level of exposure to the elements.

It is for this reason that stainless steel is the preferred material to be used in such types of furniture. Its ability to withstand various degrees of corrosion offers it an added longevity to your household furniture installation. Especially if the stainless steel material has been alloyed with chromium, you can be sure that your table will possess a higher resistance against oxidation.

 

Heat resistant

Another benefit of having stainless steel furniture is that the material is highly resistant to heat.

If you haven’t thought about it before, wood furniture might potentially pose a high fire risk hazard, especially if it is put in places, such as the kitchen. Compounded with the failure to adopt the best practices, fire can spread more easily, with wood as the medium. Though such cases may be rare, they can be a good indication for you to begin considering incorporating stainless steel furniture in your home.

Stainless steel furniture won’t undergo vast degrees of warping when exposed to high heat levels. You can also be sure that it can add another level of safety to your homes, in the event of a catastrophic event such as a fire.

 

Versatile

Modern Living Room And Kitchen

From an aesthetic perspective, stainless steel adds another layer of versatility to your household furniture.

While stainless steel comes only in one color, depending on the type of finish, your stainless steel furniture can brighten up any part of your household. Furthermore, the neutral colors of stainless steel allow it to virtually complement many elements of a household.

If you want your household to have a more contemporary-feel, stainless steel furniture is a great choice to increase your house’s appearance and design. Since stainless steel has a high level of ductility – meaning it can be stretched and shaped into any form without undergoing breakage – finding stainless steel furniture with an intricate design isn’t a hard task to accomplish. If you’re considering purchasing a dining table, you can opt for one which features a curved stainless steel base.

Because of stainless steel’s versatility, furniture manufacturers who incorporate stainless steel into their products have limitless ways by which they can shape this kind of material in their desired form.

 

Low maintenance

As with any type of furniture, stainless steel requires maintenance, but these maintenance practices don’t have to be laborious endeavors.

Unlike wood which can be difficult to clean, cleaning stainless steel involves just some small degree of polishing, wiping, and sanitizing. You wouldn’t have to make use of specialized chemicals, or cleaning agents in order to retain the furniture’s desired luster if you constantly conduct the necessary low-maintenance procedures.

 

Key Takeaway

Stainless steel furniture benefits not only the appearance of your household but also your standard of living.

Stainless steel manufacturers have been creative in alloying this type of material in order for it to become more employable in a variety of other uses. One of these uses is in the furniture industry. The many desirable properties of stainless steel can also allow it to add an attractive feature to your household furniture implements.

The guide above has hopefully provided you with just some of the benefits of using stainless steel as furniture for your home.

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Stainless Steel as Protection Against Natural Disasters https://onesky.ph/blog/stainless-steel-protection-natural-disasters/ https://onesky.ph/blog/stainless-steel-protection-natural-disasters/#respond Thu, 05 Mar 2020 08:51:12 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1603 How does stainless steel help in withstanding natural disasters? High Level of Strength Withstands Corrosion High Elasticity Quotient Tolerates High …

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How does stainless steel help in withstanding natural disasters?
  1. High Level of Strength
  2. Withstands Corrosion
  3. High Elasticity Quotient
  4. Tolerates High Temperatures

 

It won’t be farfetched to think that one of the most widely-utilized metals for structural and constructional endeavors is stainless steel. This type of manufactured steel alloy possesses several qualities that offer structures more shape, form, and stability. Just some of the stainless steel properties which the construction industry looks out for, for example, is its high level of corrosion resistance, durability, and flexibility.

Because of these properties, stainless steel has arguably become the preferred structural and building material in order to combat and mitigate the effects of natural disasters on a building’s structural integrity.

It would be in the interest of constructional companies to use stainless steel mainly, or as part of their buildings, especially in the Philippines, which is frequently hit by natural disasters.

Continue reading to learn more about how structural stainless steel helps in tempering the consequences of natural disasters on such buildings.

 

High Level of Strength

Some of the most common natural disasters which afflict a country such as the Philippines would be typhoons and earthquakes. When people are met with an emergency situation, no doubt the first thing they have to think about is to take cover and avoid falling structures that may possibly physically harm them in some way.

Because of these seasonal disasters, constructional companies should have in mind, the concept of disaster-resilience when they’re planning construction efforts. In this regard, they take advantage of stainless steel’s high strength properties. While different types of steel alloy have differences in their composition, stainless steel is generally able to withstand high levels of stress and pressures that will eventually cause it to be damaged.

There are many types of ways by which the strength of stainless steel is increased, but this generally has to do with manipulating the alloy’s grain properties.

Just some of the manufactured stainless steel products which construction companies make use of include the reinforcing bar. This tough, bent, and irregularly shaped material is integrated first into the concrete mixture to provide a pillar or some other part of a building with more stability.

 

Withstands Corrosion

Long Corridor With Column

For any type of metal to become more useful in constructional undertakings, it has to be able to withstand high levels of corrosion. Natural disasters like typhoons inundate buildings with egregiously high levels of water and other fluid mixtures which can drastically alter a building’s properties. Though the effects are not instantaneous when a building is constantly subjected to prolonged levels of exposure to the elements, its physical qualities might also change.

When rain, for example, hits constructional materials like iron, over time, it might eventually lead to a rust formation on the iron’s surface. Iron easily reacts to the moisture present in the water, hence it can corrode easily.

On the other hand, stainless steel alloys don’t exhibit the same level of corrosion. This is because elements that cause rust, like water, oxygen, and saline-based solutions, just to name a few, have no, to very little effect on stainless steel.

This fact is useful to keep in mind, especially since stainless steel tubes and pipes are used as construction materials for bridges. Even after the passage of several years, the stainless steel remains intact despite exposure to the elements.

 

High Elasticity Quotient

Earthquakes are just some of the most destructive natural disasters which can hit a particular area at any time. When earthquakes happen, people more often than not flee away from large structures that might break at any given moment because of the high level of vibrations produced by the tectonic movements below the earth’s surface. This situation should be avoided at all costs, which is why another reason why stainless steel helps in the protection against natural disasters, is its high elasticity quotient.

Simply put, the elasticity quotient refers to the measure of how much vibrations the stainless steel is able to withstand. Stainless steel building materials like stainless steel beams help provide structures with more elasticity in order to prevent them from collapsing.

 

Tolerates High Temperatures

Power Plant Construction

Fires are another type of natural disaster that can totally cause a building’s structure to disintegrate. One of the reasons for this is that fire spreads quickly because of the high levels of oxygen in the air. If a building’s structure is predominantly made out of wood, which does not offer much stability and might cause the fire to reignite further, that mitigating the natural disaster might be more difficult than usual.

On the other hand, structures with stainless steel offer more stability. The reason for this is stainless less possesses a higher-than-usual tolerance for drastic changes in temperature. This type of material won’t easily melt when it comes into contact with fire, helping the structure to remain sound for a longer period of time. This fact also makes disaster rescue efforts faster, and more efficient.

 

Key Takeaway

The aim of every structure should be to possesses a very high level of preparedness against natural disasters. This is why stainless steel properties such as flexibility, durability, and high level of resistance to temperature changes, make it the preferred material for buildings.

Stainless steel can be said to have drastically altered industrial and constructional practices. The simple informational guide above has hopefully equipped you with a greater understanding of how stainless steel helps buildings in times of natural disasters.

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A Guide to the Different Types of Heat Treatment https://onesky.ph/blog/guide-types-heat-treatment/ https://onesky.ph/blog/guide-types-heat-treatment/#respond Wed, 04 Mar 2020 08:39:34 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1597 What are the different types of heat treatment? Hardening Annealing Normalizing Tempering Nitriding   Metals are perhaps some of the …

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What are the different types of heat treatment?
  1. Hardening
  2. Annealing
  3. Normalizing
  4. Tempering
  5. Nitriding

 

Metals are perhaps some of the most useful construction and industrial materials in the world. Manufacturing processes wouldn’t be complete without incorporating some type of metal in their operations. While different kinds of manufactured metals offer various advantages for them to be utilized in specialized ways, the durability and stability they offer architectural structures, particularly in construction projects, make them highly desirable.

Some metals, however, would offer more benefits if the chemical structuring of their raw and pure forms were also chemically altered. Through the different types of heat treatment, the properties of some of the most commonly-used metals like steel, iron, or aluminum are improved, to strengthen them, or improve their flexibility and versatility.

If you want to know more about the different ways the chemical properties of metals are altered by heat treatment, continue reading.

 

Hardening

Before delving further into understanding this first type of heat treatment, it would be first important to understand why metals undergo such heat treatment processes. Typically, heat treatment is the process by which the structural and physical properties of a particular metal are manipulated, in order for it to be utilized in a particular manner.

For example, when a heat treatment process is applied to stainless steel, some of its properties, including hardenability, ductility, flexibility, and strength are improved. After, the resulting metal can be shaped in a limitless number of ways, depending on the particular industry’s use for it.

As with many heat treatment processes, hardening is a type of method which begins applying a particular amount of heat energy to the metal, to the point that it becomes a solution. One can view the process as something that ‘corrects’ an undesirable property within the material.

By turning the metal into a solution, hardening corrects the imperfections found within the particular metal’s crystal lattice structure. Lattice simply refers to the way the metal’s particles are organized to form a crystal. Through hardening, the metal’s level of strength is increased through the refining of the particles.

After the metal is turned into a solid solution by hardening, a form of rapid cooling called quenching is immediately applied to the metal, until it is left to cool at room temperature.

 

Annealing

Interior View Of A Steel Factory

The next type of heat treatment can be said to be something that is most commonly applied to stainless steel. Typical of any heat treatment process, annealing once again involves a form of manipulation within the particular metal’s crystal structuring through targeted means. Particularly, annealing in stainless steel aims to reduce the metal alloy’s hardenability, or the measure of how easily the steel can be hardened when it undergoes rapid cooling.

Compounded with reducing the metal’s hardenability, annealing aims to increase the ductility of the stainless steel material, in order for it to withstand greater levels of bending force before it is subjected to breakage.

The annealing process for stainless steel typically begins with the application of heat at temperatures ranging from 1000 degrees to 12000 degrees Fahrenheit. Annealing is a process that can be thought of as ‘de-stressing’ the metal’s internal structuring to prevent instances of cracks or deformation.

 

Normalizing

While the purpose of this next type of heat treatment process is to also largely reduce the internal stresses in the metal’s structuring, it does not aim to increase the metal’s ductility, but rather to reduce it, in order to target the other properties. As mentioned before, different heat treatment processes are applied, depending on the industry’s desired purpose for the resulting metal. Since the process of annealing aims to increase a metal’s ability to bend before breakage, – an example of which would be that of bent steel rebar – normalizing, on the other hand, focuses itself on increasing the tensile strength and machinability of the metal.

Simply put, machinability refers to the ease by which metal is able to be drilled, cut, and shaped in various ways, allowing it to be used in various specialized functions. The normalizing process typically begins with applying heat on the metal, at temperatures ranging from 40 degrees to 50 degrees Celsius above the particular metal’s upper critical temperature. It is then left to cool at room temperature.

 

Tempering

Steel Production In Electric Furnaces

The next kind of heat treatment process is a process that goes along with the hardening method. Unlike the previous two, however, where there was an application of heat energy at a particular temperature, a metal can undergo tempering in three categories, namely low-temperature tempering, medium-temperature tempering, and high-temperature tempering.

Tempering aims to reduce the brittleness of the metal, especially in the process of manufacturing it into a tool.

 

Nitriding

Unlike the first four types of heat treatment process, nitriding refers to a method that employs the addition of a nitrogen gas element. This process begins with the application of temperatures between 450 to 510 degrees Celsius. The material is then placed inside an airtight container where it is surrounded by ammonia gas.

Nitriding a metal increases the strength of its surface, as well as, increases the level of resistance it has, to corrosion.

 

Key Takeaway

Other types of heat treatment processes exist, depending on the desired function of the resulting metal. While this process of altering a metal’s physical and chemical structuring typically begins with the application of heat, it differs in that each method particularly targets a specific property of that metal.

Hopefully, the guide above has presented with a brief overview of some of the various properties that different types of heat treatment processes aim to improve.

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How Aluminum is Strengthened https://onesky.ph/blog/how-aluminum-strengthened/ https://onesky.ph/blog/how-aluminum-strengthened/#respond Thu, 20 Feb 2020 07:34:46 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1591 What are the best ways of strengthening aluminum? Cold working Heat treatment Alloying aluminum Natural aging   Aluminum is one …

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What are the best ways of strengthening aluminum?
  1. Cold working
  2. Heat treatment
  3. Alloying aluminum
  4. Natural aging

 

Aluminum is one of the most abundant substances on the planet. People encounter this element most frequently at grocery stores as one of the most widely-used types of beverage containers. The food industry has been taking advantage of aluminum’s highly-malleable properties, and in turn, the consumer also largely benefits from it. There are many ways of strengthening aluminum to make it more useful in various types of manufacturing processes outside of the food industry. It can be molded and transformed into a material that can be used for architectural, or transportation implements. The list below will hopefully provide you with brief information on the various ways present to strengthen this highly-versatile material.

 

Cold working

Metallic Pipes On Warehouse, Rows Of Metal Pipes On Industrial Warehouse. Industrial Interior,

The average person knows that one of the ways by which malleable types of metals are shaped is through the application of heat. A popular image that might cross people’s minds involves that of a blacksmith pounding heavily on his anvil, in order to shape a particular material into the desired figure.

There is, however, another type of way by which metals are transformed in order for them to acquire highly-desirable properties, and this is called cold working.

The process of cold working is most commonly used for steel, aluminum, and copper. Instead of subjecting the metal to high levels of heat, cold working aluminum involves exposing it to temperatures that are far below the recrystallization point of the metal. In its simplest sense, the recrystallization point, or temperature, is the point below the metal or material’s melting point. Exposing aluminum to such temperature levels alters its crystalline structure, thereby strengthening it.

The downside of cold working aluminum is that it inevitably reduces the rate at which it is able to change shape before breaking. Despite this, however, its properties remain considerably stronger than before the conduction of the process.

 

Heat treatment

Strengthening aluminum by the application of heat is perhaps one of the most common processes to achieve the goal. This application of heat, however, is not simply the mere exposure of aluminum to a furnace, or a stove. Every single element of the heat-treatment process must be meticulously examined and monitored, in order to strengthen aluminum successfully. There are various ways of heat-treating aluminum such as homogenizing, annealing, and precipitation, just to name a few.

Homogenizing aluminum involves the redistribution of precipitating alloying elements. Simply put, a precipitate is an insoluble solid emerging from a liquid solution. This process involves three stages, namely heating-up, soaking, and cool down. Usually, this process is conducted through the application of heat in temperatures ranging from 450 to 600 degrees Celsius.

On the other hand, annealing is a process that is conducted usually after a metal has undergone cold-working. Through this process, the metal’s ability to deform without getting fractured increases. The hardness of aluminum is also reduced after undergoing this stage. Annealing has another benefit which improves a tool’s machinability. This is especially useful, particularly for tools like aluminum hammers, in that the tool’s wear and tear might be significantly reduced.

Lastly, the precipitation process involves the complete precipitation of dissolved elements, at temperatures ranging from 240 to 460 degrees Fahrenheit. This process will enable aluminum to reach its maximum hardness.

 

Alloying aluminum

Metal Bar 3d

The concept of combining two or more metals in order to produce a stronger metal is not a foreign concept. This process has been existing for around 5000 years, wherein these metals are first melted before dissolving them into each other. Following this logic, combining aluminum with the right type of metal can strengthen it, exposing itself to further possibilities with regards to its industrial usages.

Some of the most common metals by which aluminum is frequently alloyed with are silicon, zinc, magnesium, and copper.

An aluminum-zinc alloy will produce a tool useful in the construction industry, called the brazing rod. Similar to welding, brazing is a type of metal-joining technique. Through this process, the pure aluminum alloy has been repurposed, to become more useful in the field of construction.

 

Natural aging

You might be wondering how exactly leaving an aluminum alloy by itself would strengthen it, but this process is also related to precipitation. Briefly, once more, precipitation involves the dissolution of elements at certain temperatures. Naturally aging a metal, on the other hand, does not require any heat intervention.

This process usually occurs at room temperatures and takes just a little under a week for the aluminum to reach its full strength. Essentially, allowing the elements within the metal naturally dissolve over a given period of time would strengthen the aluminum.

If you’re someone looking to cut down costs on expending energy, this process would be the best fit for you, as it does not require too many complex tools and processes.

 

Key Takeaway

There are unlimited ways of strengthening aluminum. Just some of the most important factors to consider are the availability of tools, the complexity of the process, and the available time period. This guide has hopefully given you an idea of the various ways to improve aluminum and to make it more useful in a variety of other processes.

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What is Stainless Steel Normalization? https://onesky.ph/blog/what-is-stainless-steel-normalization/ https://onesky.ph/blog/what-is-stainless-steel-normalization/#respond Wed, 19 Feb 2020 07:10:59 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1570 What is stainless steel normalization? Heat treatment process Recovery Recrystallization Grain growth stage Benefits of normalization Reduce instances of structural …

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What is stainless steel normalization?
  1. Heat treatment process
    1. Recovery
    2. Recrystallization
    3. Grain growth stage
  2. Benefits of normalization
    1. Reduce instances of structural irregularities

 

One of the most ubiquitous and most useful materials utilized by various industries is stainless steel. Some of the qualities which make it viable for construction, industrial, and food facilities, include its high resistance to corrosion, its durability, and its malleability. Useful stainless steel products include rebar, checkered plates, or welded pipes, which provide stable structuring for concrete or other materials. Various chemical processes like stainless steel normalization are applied to the material to alter or improve its pre-existing properties. The simple guide below will provide a brief overview of the changes which the material undergoes at it is normalized, as well as, the benefits resulting from this process.

 

Heat treatment process

Interior View Of A Steel Factory

The usefulness of stainless steel is something that cannot be emphasized enough. Aside from being one of the most widely-used construction materials, it has also been a common material found in everyday household items. Such items include cutlery, specifically spoons, forks, and knives. The most familiar item would perhaps be a pair of stainless steel scissors, which, by virtue of the material, can last for long periods of time due to its non-corrosiveness.

Industries have been able to manipulate stainless steel so efficiently, in various ways, like heat treatment, alloying, or cold working. These processes are undergone, so that the material may also be useful for higher-intensive manufacturing activities.

As a heat treatment process, stainless steel normalization is one of the most common. Through heat treatment, the material’s hardenability, ductility, or even flexibility can be improved, or reduced, depending on the type of usage. Generally, the aim of heat-treating stainless steel is to increase the level of the material’s ductility, while simultaneously lowering its hardness rating.

Normalization is typically applied to one such ferrous material such as stainless steel. Simply put, ferrous metals or alloys are those which contain iron, while non-ferrous alloys are those which do not contain iron. While high levels of carbon are utilized in manufacturing these alloys, stainless steel is one of the materials exempt from corrosion or rusting because of its relatively high chromium content. Through the normalization process, the graining structure of the stainless steel is altered, making them finer and therefore tougher compared to coarser-grained stainless steel, which can make for a weaker, and substandard stainless steel material.

The heat-treatment process in stainless steel begins with the application of heat in temperatures ranging from 20 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius, above the material’s highest critical point, which is defined as the temperature at which the physical or crystalline structure of the material is changed. The normalization of steel takes place in three stages, particularly, the recovery stage, the recrystallization stage, and the grain growth stage.

 

Recovery

This initial phase in normalization involves heating the stainless steel to raise its temperature. Through this process, the defects within the material are rearranged, relieving the stresses within it.

 

Recrystallization

After stainless steel undergoes the recovery phase, it will now be subjected to the recrystallization phase, which typically occurs through heating the material above its recrystallization temperature, causing the formation of stress-free grains. It is in this phase where the properties of steel, like hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength drastically change.

 

Grain growth stage

This step is the final step in the normalization process. In this phase, the changes applied to alter the grain structuring of the stainless steel begin to manifest themselves. This is where the new grains begin to fully develop, by subjecting the material to room temperature, as well as, air contact. Subjecting stainless steel to this final step will result in a more ductile, but less strong material. Simply put, the stainless steel’s ability to resist drastic changes to its tensile stress is increased.

 

Benefits of normalization

Strike Of Workers In Heavy Industry.

Through the process of normalization, or the application of heat to positively alter the material’s grain structure, the stainless steel’s tensile and ductile properties are manipulated. This would make them more useful in various other complex industrial processes.

 

Reduce instances of structural irregularities

There are many benefits for normalizing stainless steel, but perhaps the most obvious one, as what can be gathered from the process itself, is that it smoothens out the coarser-grained features of the material. Through this process, the microstructure of the stainless steel is changed, removing the impurities in the steel, and making the material more uniform. In unifying the structure of stainless steel, various other manufacturing, and industrial processes could make better use of it.

 

Key Takeaway

Much credit can be given to steel because of its sheer usefulness and ubiquity in a plethora of industries. It has been used in manufacturing, industrial, and even automotive industries. Just one way to manipulate the properties of the material is through stainless steel normalization, which is largely characterized by altering the grained microstructure of the metal. Resulting from this phase are more useful stainless steel products which these various industries can benefit from.

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The Role of Aluminum in Heat Transfer Processes https://onesky.ph/blog/role-aluminum-heat-transfer-processes/ https://onesky.ph/blog/role-aluminum-heat-transfer-processes/#respond Wed, 12 Feb 2020 03:50:56 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1564 What does aluminum do for heat transfer processes? The basics of heat transfer Aluminum has two key qualities that make …

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What does aluminum do for heat transfer processes?
  1. The basics of heat transfer
  2. Aluminum has two key qualities that make it optimal for heat transfer
  3. How hot is too hot?

 

The miracle metal, aluminum, is one of the most used materials in the world for almost countless purposes. While you might know of its importance in the aviation and automotive manufacturing industries, one lesser-known purpose that aluminum is best at is in heat transfer or exchange.

The thermal conductivity of aluminum, as one of its best-known properties, makes it all happen — but there are other factors that enable this metal. Continue reading to learn more because this can potentially help you with your heat transfer issues or endeavors.

 

The basics of heat transfer

The Basics Of Heat Transfer

If you want to understand why aluminum is one of the best materials for heat transfer processes, a basic understanding of heat transfer itself is required. In the context of industrial processes, heat transfer would refer to the exchange of heat generated by a device to a different medium like a liquid coolant or air. This exchange disperses the generated heat and helps the device maintain a certain or desired level of temperature.

While it may seem complicated, you can see this being employed in the many appliances you have at home. As long as there is unwanted heat being generated and/or temperature regulation is required, you can be sure that heat transfer is present and almost always involving a heat exchanger. Common examples of heat exchangers include engine coolants, radiators, condensers, and heat sinks.

Using a heat sink as an example, there are several important factors that will affect its overall performance and efficiency: air velocity, the material it is made off, the design of its protrusion, and the surface treatment. This is where aluminum comes into the picture because its properties make it one of the best materials for effective heat transfer.

 

Aluminum has two key qualities that make it optimal for heat transfer

In terms of its specific properties, there are two standout characteristics that make it almost perfect for heat transfer applications: thermal conductivity and malleability.

The thermal conductivity of aluminum is only second to copper in terms of the most common metals used for industrial purposes, but aluminum is lighter and more cost-effective and that gives it a competitive edge. To top it all off, aluminum is also a good reflector of heat and that makes it an even better material for heat exchangers and/or heat shields.

Aside from its excellent thermal conductivity, aluminum alloys are also very malleable. From complex shapes and dimensions to high-volume applications like foils, sheets, and fins, manufacturers can make heat sink designs that are tailored to a given client’s needs or requests. Complementing this malleable property is aluminum’s low melting temperature that makes it easier to process without sacrificing any structural integrity.

When you factor in its excellent strength-to-weight ratio and affordability, aluminum has the right combination of properties that make it the optimal material for heat exchanges.

 

How hot is too hot?

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Since we are on the subject of heat, one question begging to be asked is how hot is too hot for aluminum? You might readily assume that good thermal conductivity translates to immunity to melting, but that is not the case. Metals, aluminum or otherwise, will still deform and even melt when exposed to a high enough temperature and for extended periods of time.

This means that it’s essential that you know your material’s melting point and how much heat it can withstand before using it in an application. Aluminum has a melting point of 660.3°C, but that only applies to pure aluminum. Alloys that incorporate other elements like copper, scandium, and magnesium can have a melting point of up to 690.5°C.

 

Key Takeaway

Understanding why aluminum is the best material for your heat exchangers is important because other materials simply do not give you the same utility and performance. It has all the characteristics you would want for heat transfers and to top it all off, aluminum is affordable and versatile. Given all the amazing properties that aluminum has, don’t miss out on the chance to use it for your heat exchange endeavors.

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What Manufacturers Need to Know About Forming Aluminum https://onesky.ph/blog/manufacturers-need-know-forming-aluminum/ https://onesky.ph/blog/manufacturers-need-know-forming-aluminum/#respond Tue, 11 Feb 2020 03:32:59 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1559 What do manufacturers need to know when it comes to forming aluminum? There are many challenges that come with forming …

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What do manufacturers need to know when it comes to forming aluminum?
  1. There are many challenges that come with forming aluminum
  2. Choosing the right forming methods is crucial
  3. The type of aluminum alloy is also important

 

Aluminum is one of the most used metal alloys in the world. Given its widespread use and popularity, you might be thinking that it is easy to use, manufacture, and form. However, that is simply not true and many people who are inexperienced with aluminum almost always turn to other materials like stainless steel once they understand the difficulty of forming aluminum. This shouldn’t be the case because people are going to miss out on the amazing lightweight, malleable, and corrosion-resistant properties of aluminum.

If you are thinking of getting into metal manufacturing or simply want to be in the know regarding the nitty-gritty behind aluminum forming, then continue reading.

 

There are many challenges that come with forming aluminum

Door Knobs Or Aluminum Door

As stated above, forming aluminum is not the simplest thing to do in the world. There are many challenges that come with doing this because, unlike other popular metals, elasticity is not one of aluminum’s best properties or strong suits.

Elasticity refers to the ability of a metal to elongate or stretch and return back to its normal shape without deformation, akin to rubber. This deficiency in elasticity that aluminum has can be seen in aluminum foil wherein it forms wrinkles when used and leaves little room for reusability.

When applied to forming aluminum profiles, not using the right methods or alloys can also result in wrinkling and this is something that should be avoided. Aside from elasticity, not using a lubricant while forming aluminum can cause adhesive wear on both the metal and the forming tools you are using. Adhesive wear is when there is material transfer or loss between two solid surfaces that are in direct contact by way of localized bonding. Put simply, this will greatly affect the surface quality of what you are trying to form, so you should also pay attention to some small details you might overlook like using a lubricant.

 

Choosing the right forming methods is crucial

Now that you know of the common challenges that aluminum forming entail, you should also do well to know that there are ways to work around them. The first thing you should think about is the type of forming method you are going to use. There are many ways to form aluminum like rolling or ‘compressive forming’, tensile forming, and bending. These are all very common, but are susceptible to the common pitfalls aluminum forming like wrinkling and mismanagement of the metal’s spring back — especially if you are trying to form complex shapes.

 

Hydroforming

Instead of the aforementioned methods, when given the chance, you can try to use ‘hydroforming’. This method has been more popular for forming steel alloys, but aluminum is slowly rising in popularity as a feed material because manufacturers are beginning to discover that hydroforming eliminates the possibility of wrinkling, while being a cost-effective option for the manufacturing of aluminum components, particularly hollow sections.

This process would entail placing an aluminum hollow section into a die or cast. Once the die is closed, the hollow section is sealed using axial cylinders. Only after this will the water or water emulsion fill the hollow section. Immense pressure is applied until the hollow section takes the form of the die. The reason aluminum manufacturers are turning to hydroforming is because the process is simple, yet effective. Aside from that, there are varying degrees of hydroforming (i.e. deep draw hydroforming and fluid cell forming), depending on how complex or deep the resulting aluminum component has to be.

Regardless of which method you choose, the most important thing is that you are knowledgeable on the proper way of forming aluminum through your preferred method.

 

The type of aluminum alloy is also important

Production Workshop With Special Equipment. Production Of The Al

Aside from the specific forming methods, you should also pay attention to the type of alloy you are going to use. Some types of aluminum alloys respond better to forming than others, so choose an appropriate one for your purposes. To do that, it is important to remember that aluminum alloys are generally grouped into different ‘families’ or series that have a designated 4-digit identification number.

As a general rule of thumb, the best series of aluminum alloys to use for forming are the 1-series (i.e. 1xxx) and the 8-series (8xxx). The 3, 4, and 5-series are all also relatively formable. Avoid using the 2 and 7-series of aluminum alloys because they are not very formable, but are better used for machining. If it seems confusing, just remember the first digit of the aluminum identification code and, as always, do extensive research.

 

Key Takeaway

Now that you have some important information regarding aluminum forming you are better prepared to form aluminum the proper way. As you have probably surmised from what you have read, forming aluminum is very complex so equip yourself with the right knowledge regarding this process and ensure a successful time forming your desired aluminum component or object.

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An In-Depth Look at Aluminum’s Strength https://onesky.ph/blog/in-depth-look-aluminum-strength/ https://onesky.ph/blog/in-depth-look-aluminum-strength/#respond Mon, 10 Feb 2020 03:13:20 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1554 What are some important information regarding aluminum’s strength? There are many classifications of strength Aluminum can still be one of …

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What are some important information regarding aluminum’s strength?
  1. There are many classifications of strength
  2. Aluminum can still be one of the strongest materials on earth
  3. High-strength aluminum is everywhere

 

How strong is aluminum? This is a question that may or may not have popped up in your mind at some point. Perhaps the most common way you see it in your life is in the form of aluminum foil that you use for cooking and/or food storage. If you base your answer to the question on just aluminum foil, then you might not be getting the most accurate representation of aluminum’s strength.

Aluminum is actually stronger than one might think. Continue reading to learn more about it because it can potentially be helpful for you and your future production, manufacturing, or construction endeavors.

 

There are many classifications of strength

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To understand the degrees of aluminum’s strength, you have to consider that there are many classifications that describe given metal’s strength and this can make it hard for people to evaluate how strong a metal truly is.

Here’s a short breakdown:

  • Compressive strength – this measures how well a metal can resist being compressed or otherwise compacted.
  • Impact strength – based on the name alone, this measures how much force a given metal can absorb from an object before shattering or breaking.
  • Tensile strength – this measures how well a metal can resist being pulled apart
  • Yield strength – finally, this measures the resistance of a metal to being bent or reshaped.

All these things can be measured through checking exactly how much pressure a metal can take before being compacted, broken/shattered, pulled apart, or bent. Another interesting thing to note here is that, when one metal excels at one kind of strength test, it tends to do poor or just average at a different kind of strength test.

Going back to aluminum, it probably will not come as a shock to you to find out that aluminum is not the best in class when compared to other metals like stainless steel or even regular steel when it comes to pure strength. Despite this, aluminum is not by any means considered to be ‘weak’ and is still one of the most used materials in the world, as you would come to read.

 

Aluminum can still be one of the strongest materials on earth

You would do well to know that ‘pure’ strength alone still doesn’t give you the most accurate picture of a given metal’s strength. Steel may be a stronger material under ideal conditions, but it tends to become brittle in cold temperatures. In contrast, aluminum isn’t bothered by changes in temperature, making it the more versatile material.

The ‘true’ strength of aluminum begins to show when you take its already decent tensile, impact, and compressive strength and factor in how malleable it is. In fact, the balance between aluminum’s malleability and strength is the reason why manufacturers prefer it over other materials — it can be shaped and formed according to specifications without losing strength or durability

Aside from that, aluminum’s shortcomings in pure strength can be remedied. This is done by combining pure aluminum with other elements like magnesium and silicon to form stronger alloys. Done properly, aluminum can be engineered to be equally strong if not stronger than some steel alloys.

 

High-strength aluminum is everywhere

Heap Of Shiny Metal Steel Pipes With Selective Focus Effect. 3d Illustration

As a testament to aluminum’s strength, it can be found virtually everywhere you go, even in the very machines you use to get to places. It is the second-most used material by car manufacturers. Planes and spacecraft are also reliant on aluminum. Skyscrapers are able to be built taller than ever thanks to aluminum, and if it were weak, then that can never be possible.

Aluminum alloys are also strong enough to protect you from shark attacks as it is the metal of choice for underwater cages that allow divers to observe sharks up close.

 

Key Takeaway

To recap what’s been said above, aluminum is comparably weaker than the strongest metals, but still decent in its own right. It also has other properties (e.g. malleability and unreactive to temperature) that more than make up for a relative lack of pure strength. Aside from that, really high-strength aluminum can be created by making new alloys and is found in products, machines, and structures almost everywhere you go.

Make sure you remember all these things the next time you start wondering how strong aluminum is. For everything related to aluminum and other industrial materials, click here.

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3 Unconventional Ways Stainless Steel Improved Human Life https://onesky.ph/blog/unconventional-ways-stainless-steel-improved-human-life/ https://onesky.ph/blog/unconventional-ways-stainless-steel-improved-human-life/#respond Wed, 29 Jan 2020 09:43:00 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1531 What are some unconventional ways that stainless steel has improved human life? Stainless steel helps reduce carbon emissions The agricultural …

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What are some unconventional ways that stainless steel has improved human life?
  1. Stainless steel helps reduce carbon emissions
  2. The agricultural industry also benefits from the use of stainless steel
  3. Stainless steel is one of the best biomaterials

 

Stainless steel is an industrial material that has undoubtedly improved the life of mankind. It is often touted as a miracle metal and it doesn’t come as a surprise. Stainless steel certainly has some miraculous qualities: high durability, tensile strength, resistance to corrosion, recyclability, and more.

However, many people are not aware that the influence of stainless steel on man’s life reaches greater than what they can see. If you want to learn more, then continue reading because the benefits of stainless steel are far greater than what you might think.

 

Stainless steel helps reduce carbon emissions

New Luxury Suv Compact Car Parked In Modern Showroom For Sale. C

In terms of unconventional ways stainless steel has improved man’s life, its contribution to the reduction of carbon emissions is one that has a widespread and profound effect. To understand how this came to be, you have to look at one of the biggest sources of carbon dioxide emissions: automobiles with a conventional combustion engine. You also have to consider one of the many solutions trying to address this problem in an innovative way: electric cars, specifically the fuel cell kind.

Fuel cell electric vehicles emit only water and heat with little to no tail-pipe pollutants i.e. ‘zero-emission vehicle’. Electricity is what serves as its source of power, and this electricity is generated in the fuel cell within the car. Plenty of fuel cells, usually 400 of them, are needed to generate enough energy and this would entail connecting them in a series. Tying it back to stainless steel, the miracle metal plays an important role in the production of fuel cell vehicles because it serves as the material of choice for the thin steel sheets that separate each fuel cell in a given stack or set-up.

While alternative materials like graphite exist, stainless steel is still preferred because it’s easier to mass-produce at a large scale and given its inherent qualities, it simply does a better job than these other alternatives with little to no downside or drawback.

 

The agricultural industry also benefits from the use of stainless steel

Going into more contributions that you wouldn’t expect stainless steel to make, the agriculture industry is also a heavy beneficiary. Modern agriculture is dependent on urea, an organic compound that is largely used as a fertilizer because it increases the yield of crop by three or fourfold. Urea is also the most common nitrogen fertilizer in the world.

As you can probably surmise stainless steel is another important component of the whole production process of urea. Without getting too technical, the process involves two reactions between ammonia and carbon dioxide. In between the two reactions an intermediate compound, ammonium carbamate, is produced. This compound is very corrosive and will rapidly break down any material it is exposed to if it doesn’t have the right properties. This is where stainless steel is once again put to good use.

Under normal circumstances, regular stainless steel is not corrosion-resistant enough to handle this kind of environment. Thanks to advancements in the production of stainless steel, new alloys were developed that can accommodate the high demands of the urea production process. This helped stabilize the production of urea and made it more consistent and accessible across the globe.

Simply put, stainless steel plays a crucial role in the global production of food. Going back to the previously stated observations wherein urea increases the agricultural yield of crops by a factor of 3 or 4, a rather jarring implication can be made: without urea, meeting the present global population’s demand for food would be impossible. Worldwide famine will likely ensue, and that is something that no one would want to experience.

 

Stainless steel is one of the best biomaterials

Fun Teamwork In Modern Lab

Finally, stainless steel is one of the most used biomaterials today in the field of medicine. If you aren’t too familiar with what that is, it is a material that has been specifically engineered to interact and, ideally, help the biological systems of organisms — whether diagnostically or therapeutically. As always, the combination of properties that stainless steel has allows for it to be biocompatible i.e. an ideal biomaterial, especially its resistance to corrosion and relative cost-effectiveness when compared to other metallic implant materials.

This ideal biocompatibility of stainless steel implants has been proven by successful human implantation for decades now and there is no reason to believe that it would change — unless it’s for the better. It would be more reasonable to expect that stainless steel will only continue to get better as a biomaterial.

 

Key Takeaway

As you’ve read above, stainless steel and the benefits that come with using it have truly helped mankind in many ways beyond the regular industrial production and construction that it is most associated with. Next time you have a plate full of food or getting a stainless steel implant that will make your life better, remember that stainless steel is the material that helps make it happen.

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Applications of Stainless Steel in Renewable Energy Production https://onesky.ph/blog/applications-stainless-steel-renewable-energy-production/ https://onesky.ph/blog/applications-stainless-steel-renewable-energy-production/#respond Fri, 17 Jan 2020 06:31:29 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1526 How is stainless steel applied in renewable energy production? Stainless steel is used in all areas of renewable energy It …

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How is stainless steel applied in renewable energy production?
  1. Stainless steel is used in all areas of renewable energy
  2. It is also a green material

 

Renewable energy production has been growing in demand in recent years. This is due to the increasing global awareness of climate change and the scarcity of our current main source of energy: fossil fuels. One industrial material that has been helping the renewable energy industry prosper is stainless steel.

Thanks to stainless steel and its many applications, many consider it to be the material of the future. If you want to know how and why continue reading because you will be seeing more of renewable energy in the coming years.

 

Stainless steel is used in all areas of renewable energy

Oil Refinery At Twilight, Aerial View Petrochemical Plant And Oi

The energy industry benefits heavily from stainless steel because it can be found in all areas of energy production, both renewable and non-renewable. Whether it’s in the production or the distribution of energy, stainless steel plays a crucial role in making it all happen in the present and the future.

 

Biomass Energy

If you weren’t familiar with how biomass energy is produced, ‘biogas’ is at the center of it all. Biogas is a mixture of gases (typically methane and carbon dioxide) produced when organic matter is broken down in the absence of oxygen. Corrosive compounds are a by-product of this ‘breaking down’ process, which is why stainless steel is needed to facilitate the process without causing damage to equipment. Specifically, stainless steel is applied in biomass plants as the main material used for digester tanks, valves, pipes, and other metal fittings. Aside from the corrosion resistance, stainless steel is also advantageous in that it is easy to produce the said equipment and/or parts.

 

Geothermal Energy

When it comes to geothermal energy production, stainless steel also has a big role to play. Because geothermal energy relies on extremely hot water from natural sources such as springs and geysers, it would be crucial to use a material that has low thermal conductivity and is resistant to corrosion. Stainless steel is the first choice in this regard and can often be seen in geothermal plants as heat exchangers, pipes, valves, and condensers.

Solar Energy

The main application of stainless steel in the production of solar energy can not only be seen in the manufacturing of solar thermal-panels but also in thermo-solar energy plants as well. Water tank shells, cushion absorbers, frames, and more are made using it. Stainless steel can also help solar panels be more efficient at absorbing sunlight by making use of coatings.

 

Wind Energy

If you are familiar with wind energy, whether offshore or onshore, then you are also familiar with turbines and windmills. Most if not all of the parts of these wind turbines and mills are made using stainless steel — from the foundation and body to the internal components such as gears. Offshore wind turbines are placed in marine environments which can be hard for certain materials due to the increased rate of corrosion. Using stainless steel for such purposes allows offshore turbines to last as long as possible while needing the least amount of maintenance possible.

 

Hydroelectric, Tidal, and Wave Energy

Just like with offshore wind turbines, stainless steel’s corrosion-resistant, yet durable properties allow for effective and efficient production of energy from sources of water. The application of stainless in the construction of water dams is countless. Steel piles are also an integral part of tidal energy systems.

 

It is also a green material

Man Worker In The Firld By The Solar Panels

As you’ve read above, the reasons why stainless steel is widely used in the energy industry are mainly its corrosion-resistant and perpetually durable nature. Its high tensile strength allows structures to be built as energy-efficient as possible without sacrificing structural integrity. Stainless steel is also highly unreactive to many chemicals that are present in energy plants. However, one understated property that stainless steel has is its recyclability.

If you weren’t already aware, stainless steel is 100% recyclable. It can be reused over and over again without losing utility. This helps in minimizing waste during production processes and even at the end of a product’s lifecycle, the stainless steel can be fully reused. It is the perfect material to use for renewable energy production because it is a sustainable material.

 

Key Takeaway

Thanks to all that has been stated above and more, you can consider stainless steel to be the metal of the future — not because it will be used for futuristic devices and technology, but because it helps in securing the future. Non-renewable sources of energy will eventually be used-up which stresses the importance of renewable energy production going forward. Regardless of what kind of structure needs building, you can be sure that stainless steel will be used in one form or another.

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Thermal Conductivity in Stainless Steel and Aluminum https://onesky.ph/blog/thermal-conductivity-stainless-steel-aluminum/ https://onesky.ph/blog/thermal-conductivity-stainless-steel-aluminum/#respond Tue, 07 Jan 2020 09:19:57 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1520 How are stainless steel and aluminum different in terms of thermal conductivity? Aluminum has better thermal conductivity High and low …

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How are stainless steel and aluminum different in terms of thermal conductivity?
  1. Aluminum has better thermal conductivity
  2. High and low thermal conductivity are both useful
  3. Industries that benefit from high or low thermal conductivity

 

Stainless steel and aluminum have long been lauded as one of the most useful industrial materials being used today. Many different industries at different levels benefit from their use, thanks to their many wonderful characteristics. Aside from strength, durability, and versatility, aluminum and stainless steel have other attributes that make them truly useful.

One such attribute is thermal conductivity. This is the process by which thermal energy is transferred through matter and is usually measured in watts per kelvin per meter. Lower thermal conductivity means a lower rate of heat transfer while higher thermal conductivity means efficiency in conducting heat.

If you want to know more about the thermal conductivity of stainless steel and aluminum then continue reading because it could prove useful for you and your future industrial endeavors.

 

Aluminum has better thermal conductivity

Metal Texture Background

Right off the bat, the first thing of note between the two industrial materials is that aluminum has ‘better’ thermal conductivity. Important to note here that having high or low thermal conductivity is not inherently good nor bad. Aluminum simply has a relatively higher thermal conductivity. On the other hand, stainless steel has one of the lowest thermal conductivities for metal alloys.

Another metric used to track thermal conductivity is the British thermal unit (BTU), which uses a number to represent the ability of a material to conduct heat. Aluminum has BTU of 118 while steel has 17. Comparing both to another material like copper, which has a BTU of 223, aluminum can still be a better option because it is lighter, cheaper, and easier to work with and manipulate thanks to its low melting point. Aluminum is also the most abundant metal found in the earth’s crust, making it more accessible than other choices.

 

High and low thermal conductivity are both useful

Both high and low thermal conductivity is useful for many different applications. You just have to know which specific metal can get the job done for you. Aluminum conducts heat well and this makes it good for heat exchangers, heat sinks, and even for cooking materials such as pots and pans.

Since stainless steel is poor at conducting heat, it is better for manufacturing products that are exposed to high-temperature and corrosive environments such as automotive and aircrafts parts like engines and airconditioning systems. Using stainless steel can result in better energy efficiency which eventually leads to savings in the long run.

 

Industries that benefit from high or low thermal conductivity

Clean Saucepan On A Gas Stove In Kitchen

There are many specific industries beyond that value a material’s thermal conductivity, regardless if they are high or low. For example, the construction industry is known for using stainless steel for countless structures and their parts. It is good for building facades, foundations, curtain walls, and other architecturally exposed structure designs. The food industry also uses stainless steel to keep production processes stable where heat is involved. This can be seen in ovens and conveyor belts.

As for aluminum, the automotive and aerospace industries are its biggest beneficiaries because many car and airplane parts are made using aluminum. In fact, most air and spacecraft are made primarily using aluminum with the Boeing 737, the best-selling jet commercial airliner, being 80% aluminum. Even in small-scale product manufacturing, aluminum is widely used. It is a crucial component of light-emitting diodes or L.E.D lights, heat exchangers in electronics, and is also used for packaging, the second-biggest consumer of aluminum.

Aluminum is more malleable and elastic than steel. Aluminum can be used to form different shapes

 

Key Takeaway

The concept of thermal conductivity is complex, but knowing how and why they matter to many industries and manufacturing processes can be useful in helping you choose the right kind of metal alloy or material for future endeavors. Both stainless steel and aluminum are great, but it’s their less-popular qualities like their ability to conduct heat at varying levels that can make the difference.

Click here if you want to know more about aluminum and stainless steel because there is certainly more to know about these wonderful metals.

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Top 5 Welding Hazards and How You Can Avoid Them https://onesky.ph/blog/welding-hazards-avoid/ https://onesky.ph/blog/welding-hazards-avoid/#respond Fri, 03 Jan 2020 09:42:59 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1515 What are some of the most common welding hazards? Fires and explosions Electric shock Toxic fumes and gases Noise-related hazards …

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What are some of the most common welding hazards?
  1. Fires and explosions
  2. Electric shock
  3. Toxic fumes and gases
  4. Noise-related hazards

 

One of the most important things you should remember about aluminum welding and all other types of welding is that they can pose a risk to your health and general well-being if you are not careful or wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). Despite the necessity of welding in countless industrial processes, you would do well to know what the hazards of welding are and how you can avoid them.

 

Fires and explosions

You probably already know that welding entails the use of high temperatures to combine different metals. However, this can also pose a danger to all the people involved because high temperatures can cause fires and explosions if the necessary safety procedures aren’t practiced.

While the welding arc may reach temperatures of 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, the real danger lies in the intense heat near the arc and the sparks or spatters that the arc creates. These sparks can reach up to 35 feet in distance from welding space, and if there are any flammable materials within that range, fire hazards are more likely to occur.

To prevent fires and explosions from happening, inspect the work area for any flammable materials and remove them before welding. You should be wary of all the different flammable materials such as liquids like gasoline, oil, and paint. Flammable solids include wood, paper, and cardboard. There are plenty of flammable gasses, but the most common ones are acetylene, hydrogen, and propane.

Aside from keeping track of flammable materials, you should also know where the fire extinguishers are in case of emergencies and ensure that fire alarms are working properly. If no extinguishers are available, have fire hoses, sand buckets, and fire-dousing equipment at hand. Finally, have a ‘fire watcher’ observe while you work so that you have an added level of protection as you work. The fire watcher is also in charge of putting out smoldering fires if there are any left after you are done welding.

When a fire does happen, do not panic and head for the fire exits immediately. Contact the fire department as soon as possible to prevent fires from getting out of control.

 

Electric shock

Electric Shock

Aside from fires and explosions, electric shocks are one of the most serious risks a welder faces. Electric shocks can lead to severe injury and even death, so this is one hazard you shouldn’t overlook. In terms of how it happens, electric shocks occur when two metal objects that have a voltage touch — effectively inserting themselves into the electrical circuit.

Bare wires are often the offenders in this regard as electrical currents will pass through open wires and the welder. The higher the voltage is and the higher the current, the graver the effects will be for the one affected. However, the most common type of electric shock is called secondary voltage shock that comes from an arc welding circuit. It produces 20 to 100 volts, but keep in mind that 50 volts are enough to harm or cause potentially life-threatening injuries to an operator.

Avoid electrical shock by wearing the proper protective equipment while welding. This includes dry rubberized gloves and shoes that are not electrically conductive. Aside from wearing equipment, make sure to avoid touching metal parts with wet hands or clothing. Insulation is key, so evaluate the work area and conditions before operating to see if there is enough insulation between you, the metals you are working with, and the ground.

 

Toxic fumes and gases

Toxic fumes and gases are often called ‘silent killers’ because of their gaseous nature. The resulting fumes from welding can contain potentially harmful metal oxide compounds from the metals being worked on. This is more evident when welding aluminum or stainless steel because these metal alloys coatings that react to the heat of the welding arc.

To avoid this hazard, keep your head out of the fumes and ensure that there is enough ventilation or exhaust systems in your work area to control the concentration of fumes. This also helps in preventing fumes to spread to other areas where people could be affected.

If the air in your breathing zone is visibly cloudy or if breathing is suddenly uncomfortable, leave the area immediately and check on the ventilation equipment provided if they are working properly. If they are malfunctioning report this immediately to your supervisor to ensure safe working conditions for and your other workmates. Check-in with your physician if you are noticing symptoms and adverse health effects from too much inhalation of fumes and gases produced by welding.

 

Noise-related hazards

Industrial Worker Welding

Welding activities also entail exposure to loud noises for a prolonged period of time. Any loud noise above 85 decibels on average is considered harmful to the ears. Different types of welding such as flame cutting or air arc gouging can produce noise levels well above 100 decibels, which means you should pay extra attention to your ears as well if you are going to be welding for extended periods.

Regular or immediate exposure to loud noises can cause permanent noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus or chronic ringing in the ears, vertigo, and high blood pressure. Wear the appropriate protective gear such as earplugs and maintain a relatively good distance between your head and the welding site to minimize the negative effects on your ear.

 

Key Takeaway

Aside from the ones mentioned above, your eyes are also particularly vulnerable to UV rays and sparks which also stresses the importance of personal protective equipment. Follow the tips above if you are going to welding aluminum, stainless steel, and any other metal alloy. This not only protects you and the people around you but it also allows you to do a better job consistently.

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Everything You Need to Know About Glass Furniture https://onesky.ph/blog/everything-need-know-glass-furniture/ https://onesky.ph/blog/everything-need-know-glass-furniture/#respond Mon, 16 Dec 2019 06:53:37 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1503 What do you need to know about glass furniture? Glass furniture is not necessarily all glass There are many ways …

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What do you need to know about glass furniture?
  1. Glass furniture is not necessarily all glass
  2. There are many ways to incorporate it into your home
  3. It is safe for both humans and the environment
  4. Glass furniture can make a room look bigger
  5. Maintenance is easy

 

Glass furniture is one of the most stylish and functional types of furniture around. However, many people are still hesitant to choose it over other traditional types of furniture due to some apprehensions that haven’t been fully addressed yet. Some might find it hazardous and easy to break while others might feel that it might not fit the theme or motif of their home.

If you are thinking of adding another ‘piece’ to one of the rooms of your home, then continue reading because glass furniture can potentially be the right choice for your given purpose.

 

Glass furniture is not necessarily all glass

If you’re not totally familiar with glass furniture, then the first thing you should know is that this type of furniture rarely comes as all glass. While furniture made entirely out of glass can be a common sight in many modern or contemporary homes, the majority of glass furniture is made using a combination of wood, steel, and glass.

You can often see a glass table with only the surface itself made of glass. Meanwhile, the legs, support, and box apron can be made of wood, steel, or both. Done in this way, it can make furniture look elegant, sophisticated, and modern. On top of that, it can fit many different interior design styles and motifs depending on the creativity and skill of the furniture maker.

 

There are many ways to incorporate it into your home

There Are Many Ways To Incorporate It Into Your Home

Having stated the many possible configurations of glass furniture, it is only natural that there will be many ways to incorporate it into your home. Gone are the days when only the windows can be seen made of glass. These days, potentially every room in your home can be seen with furniture or fixtures with a glass component.

The living and dining rooms come across as the most applicable for glass furniture because these rooms will naturally make use of tables and other surfaces. However, your bathroom can also be a beneficiary, as shelves are often used as a surface to place toiletries and other bathroom essentials.

 

It is safe for both humans and the environment

Another prevailing idea that needs to be cleared is this notion that glass furniture can pose a risk to people because it is easy to break. That might have been true in the past when glass-making processes could only produce ‘annealed’ or ordinary glass that tended to break into many dagger-like shards that could harm someone.

This is simply not the case anymore as advancements in technology and the continuous refinement of certain glass making processes have led to newer and sturdier types of glass. Take tempered or ‘toughened’ glass for example. It is considered as a ‘safety’ glass because not only can it withstand a surprising amount of force before breaking, but when it does, potentially sharp shards that can harm someone is not produced — known as ‘safe breakage’.

Even for the environment, glass does not pose any type of detriment or harm. It is 100% recyclable and the more it is recycled, emissions and energy consumption decrease. If you consider yourself an eco-friendly consumer, using glass furniture can be one way you can help the environment.

 

Glass furniture can make a room look bigger

Vase Flower

Dialing it back to how your home can benefit, using glass furniture can help make any room look bigger. In fact, this is one of the main reasons why people are switching to glass furniture for their homes. Large and spacious houses are not accessible to the majority of people in the world, which is why employing methods that can make relatively small spaces look bigger is a welcome strategy.

The reason why glass can make a room look or feel bigger is because it does not impede or block a given person’s vision of the room itself. Most, if not all, types of glass allow light to pass through. This can create an “illusion of space”, an illusion that many people find comforting. On top of that, glass aids in the proper distribution of light and

Maintenance is easy

The last thing that you should know about glass furniture is that its maintenance is easy. The very nature of glass makes it highly unreactive to common substances found in your household. Thanks to special cleaning agents, glass is also easy to clean despite the residue and stains that may form on it during everyday use.

If you are averse to intensive maintenance and cleaning work, glass furniture can be for you.

 

Key Takeaway

Now that you know some of the important and useful qualities that glass furniture can give you, choosing the right kind of furniture or fixture to improve your home can be an easier task to do.

Click here to get a quotation from One Sky regarding their glass products that are applicable to furniture.

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The Benefits of Using Cold Rolled Stainless Steel https://onesky.ph/blog/benefits-cold-rolled-stainless-steel/ https://onesky.ph/blog/benefits-cold-rolled-stainless-steel/#respond Thu, 05 Dec 2019 09:27:27 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1497 What are the benefits of using cold rolled steel? Strength Surface Finish Practical and constructive Multiple Options Has Many Applications …

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What are the benefits of using cold rolled steel?
  1. Strength
  2. Surface Finish
  3. Practical and constructive
  4. Multiple Options
  5. Has Many Applications

 

Cold-rolled steel is one of the most utilized types of steel that is being used in the world today. In a nutshell, it is just steel that is put through a process called ‘cold-rolling’ in order to gain certain qualities that make it better suited for certain applications.

If you are not familiar with the properties and benefits of using cold-rolled steel and its applications, then continue reading because the info that will be discussed below can be beneficial for you especially if you are involved in manufacturing or production-related industries. Here are the benefits of using cold-rolled steel.

 

Strength

The most apparent quality that cold-rolled steel has is that it is very durable. Compared to hot-rolled steel, cold-rolled is roughly 20% stronger. Forming any form of metal alloy entails going through a process called rolling. This involves passing the metal stock through one or more pairs of rolls to make it thinner. This gives the metal alloy uniform thickness, kind of like bread dough that’s been rolled using a rolling pin.

When the rolling is done at a specific high temperature, a process called hot rolling, it prevents the steel from recrystallizing. The resulting hot-rolled steel is good enough to be used for certain applications, but it can be further processed to create something with greater tensile strength. The hot-rolled steel is then re-rolled at a specific low temperature that allows it to recrystallize. This is what is called cold rolling. As the rollers compress the steel at room temperature, the steel becomes stronger due to strain hardening. Keeping it above room temperature afterward holds its structural integrity. This makes it perfect for the biggest and toughest projects in any industry.

 

Surface Finish

Surface Finish

Aside from being strong, cold-rolled steel also has a better surface finish than hot-rolled steel. It is smoother and has fewer surface imperfections. This is why it is the preferred choice for furniture, cars, bridges, and other items and structures that need a level of aesthetic value on top of structural integrity.

 

Practical and constructive

One thing many engineers and metal product manufacturers love about cold-rolled steel is that it gives them a lot of freedom in shaping/profiling metal sections. Thanks to the continual development of rolling tools, processing cold-rolled steel is becoming more affordable and practical. It also maximizes the potential of the material.

An example of this is when a metal structure is used to carry vertical loads. Cold-rolled steel structures can be designed as high as possible while utilizing the least amount of material possible. Another example would be its application in the construction of houses/greenhouses, specifically the gutter. By using cold-rolled steel, the gutter not only does its draining job properly, but it can also help carry the load of the roof. Applied in this way it is efficient and cost-effective.

 

Multiple Options

Metal Tubes. 3d Illustration. Render

Taking it even deeper, cold-rolled steel has different levels of tolerance, a term used in metallurgy that refers to how thick the resulting steel or metal is. The different levels include full-hard, half-hard, quarter-hard, and skin rolled and all of it are results of varying cold rolling processes.

Of all those options, full-hard cold rolling is often preferred for steel because it allows for tightest of tolerances or the thinnest possible sheet of steel to be used for profiling. When done correctly, full-hard cold-rolled steel can reduce the thickness of steel by up to 50%. The other aforementioned cold rolling process also reduces the thickness of steel, but not to the same degree as full-hard cold rolling.

 

Has Many Applications

Cold Rolled Steel is the material of choice for projects and applications where precision is essential. The metal is easily formable for moderate draw applications, meaning it can be put through a mold with a specific shape. Resulting products end up having a better grain structure, surface finish, and overall integrity. Aside from the aforementioned uses, products such as school lockers and automobile parts benefit from the good surface finish. Meanwhile, things such as metal filing cabinets, parts of small appliances, tool-boxes, exhaust pipes, and shelves benefit from the high strength and durability that cold-rolled steel gives.

In construction, cold-rolled steel is a common material for building steel sheds, industrial buildings, garages, and many more structures.

 

Key Takeaway

While it may seem like it involves many intricate processes, cold-rolled steel is simply steel that is processed at relatively low temperatures. This gives it the many benefits listed above and a wide range of applications. If you are in the manufacturing or construction industry and need a reliable material to use, make sure to have cold-rolled steel on top of your list.

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Why Stainless Steel is Great for Tumblers https://onesky.ph/blog/stainless-steel-great-tumblers/ https://onesky.ph/blog/stainless-steel-great-tumblers/#respond Thu, 28 Nov 2019 09:45:30 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1491 Why is stainless steel a good material for tumblers? It makes for an exceptionally durable product No chemical leaching into …

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Why is stainless steel a good material for tumblers?
  1. It makes for an exceptionally durable product
  2. No chemical leaching into your drink
  3. It can protect you from harmful bacteria
  4. Reduces waste related to disposable containers
  5. Stainless steel is easy to clean

 

You have probably seen the rise in popularity of stainless steel tumblers and other drinkware in recent years and you might even have one for yourself, but do you know why exactly it has become popular?

While it can be hip to have a stainless steel tumbler, what many people aren’t aware of is that stainless steel is one of the best materials used for the purpose of handling food and drink. Compared to the predominant option when it comes to food handling, plastic, there are many drawbacks and disadvantages that plastic has that stainless steel doesn’t. Continue reading to find out why you should be using stainless steel drinkware instead of other alternatives.

 

It makes for an exceptionally durable product

If the word ‘steel’ isn’t enough to imply that stainless steel products are durable, then you would do well to know that stainless steel tumblers are exceptionally durable. When compared to the variety of plastics used for containing beverages, the utility provided by plastics pales in comparison to stainless steel.

Stainless steel tumblers are not only durable enough to withstand the wear and tear that comes with extensive use but they are also resistant to punctures, breakage, squeezing, and other conditions that can break and cause leakage in plastics. Thanks to its superior strength-to-weight ratio, it is also quite light. You might end up leaving some dents in your tumbler if you occasionally drop it by accident, but that doesn’t necessarily affect its main purpose of keeping your preferred beverage accessible.

Don’t forget that stainless steel is also resistant to extreme temperature conditions which makes it versatile in terms of use. The fact that stainless steel can last for a lifetime is an added cherry on top that helps you save money that would’ve spent buying beverage containers.

 

No chemical leaching into your drink

Metal Water Cooler And Heat

One of the biggest complaints people have in terms of the usage of plastic is that it can leach chemicals into your food or drink. One of the chemicals in question is Bisphenol A (BPA) because it was observed and found in thousands of plastic bottles and other containers. Many of the newer plastic products are now labeled “BPA-free”, but what about other chemicals? Plastic is known to leak other harmful chemicals when they are exposed to sources of heat or used for a prolonged period of time.

Stainless steel is naturally BPA-free which guarantees your safety every single time you use it regardless of its exposure to different conditions. This is also a great benefit for kids and toddlers that may be sensitive to chemicals in general.

 

It can protect you from harmful bacteria

In connection with the previous reason that is related to health safety, stainless steel protects you from potentially harmful bacteria. Plastics have many small pores that can harbor different kinds of bacteria over time that can eventually contaminate your food and drink. Stainless steel tumblers do not have this problem because the bacteria are easily washed away every time you properly clean your wares. Germaphobes can sleep peacefully at night thanks to this added benefit.

 

Reduces waste related to disposable containers

Stainless And Tumbler Cup

Another reason why stainless steel is great for tumblers is that they also cater to the environment-sensitive people. Plastic is inherently not made to be reusable which leads to an ever-worsening problem of waste management. Plastic bottles are usually used once or twice before being disposed of. In comparison, stainless steel tumblers and containers can be used perpetually until reasons relating to structural integrity and preference arise.

Put simply, stainless steel tumblers are durable and safe enough to be used until you no longer want to. If you want to help in keeping plastic waste products down while at the same time saving money, stainless steel is the way to go.

 

Stainless steel is easy to clean

While stainless steel is relatively maintenance-free, food and beverage containers need to be cleaned every time they are used. While it might seem like a hassle for some, stainless steel is relatively easy to clean.

If you want to keep it as simple as possible, running water and some manual scrubbing is enough to maintain its cleanliness. However, if you’re a soap and water type of person, then that is perfectly fine as well because stainless steel is unreactive to most cleaning agents, even industrial-grade ones.

 

Key Takeaway

Aside from the ones listed above, there are many more merits that come with using a stainless steel tumbler and other stainless steel food and drinkware in general. From health, environment, and utility reasons to cost-effectivity and convenience, all bases are covered when it comes to a stainless steel tumbler’s benefits. Given the increasing availability of such products, it wouldn’t be hard for you to try using one if you aren’t already. Try it and observe the differences it makes in your life.

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Understanding Low-E Glass and Its Applications https://onesky.ph/blog/understanding-low-e-glass-applications/ https://onesky.ph/blog/understanding-low-e-glass-applications/#respond Wed, 27 Nov 2019 05:35:00 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1482 What is Low-E glass and what are its applications Low-E glass is an energy-efficient glass Low-E glass can make your …

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What is Low-E glass and what are its applications
  1. Low-E glass is an energy-efficient glass
  2. Low-E glass can make your home or building more comfortable
  3. There are two types of Low-E coatings

 

When it comes to glass, the type to be used for a given purpose is usually one of the last things people think about. Sure you have probably heard of bulletproof and tempered glass, but there is another type that is relatively unknown: Low-E glass. That being said, knowing what the nature of Low-E glass and its applications can be helpful when it comes to your endeavors that require the use of glass.

Before getting into the specific details and features of Low-E glass, it is important to first understand how sunlight works and how it can affect your home or any other building. Sunlight contains different forms of energy such as light and heat thanks to electromagnetic radiation. You can perceive some of this radiation within a spectrum as the light and colors you can see in a rainbow, but light also exists outside of that spectrum.

Other types of light that we can’t perceive but exist include infrared and ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet rays from the sun are what causes sunburns while you feel infrared radiation from sources of heat such as a fire, furnace, or oven. It is these three elements (visible light, infrared and ultraviolet) that Low-E glass and its applications are concerned with.

 

Low-E glass is an energy-efficient glass

Low E Glass Is An Energy Efficient Glass1

Now that you understand some of the basic concepts surrounding low-emissivity glass, the reason why it is considered to be an energy-efficient glass is that it minimizes the amount of infrared and ultraviolet light that passes through it, without affecting the amount of light that passes through.

This is thanks to an exceptionally thin layer of coating that is usually made from two or more layers of metal or metallic oxide. This is specifically made to block out unnecessary electromagnetic radiation. Low-E glass seeks to make any building have a consistent temperature by reflecting the interior temperature back inside while keeping ultraviolet and infrared rays out.

 

Low-E glass can make your home or building more comfortable

Since Low-E glass makes the temperature of buildings more consistent, a comfortable atmosphere is usually achieved when it is applied to windows and other openings that allow light to pass through. The most common window set-up is either a double or triple-glazed unit wherein two or more glass panes are separated by a spacer and a gas-filled space — argon, and krypton being the inert gas of choice. Gas is needed to prevent heat from escaping in air drafts.

Thanks to this kind of set-up, heat transfer is reduced and optimal thermal insulation is achieved — resulting in a more comfortable experience for the people inside the building regardless of whether it is sweltering or snowy outside.

 

There are two types of Low-E coatings

Sliding Glass Door Detail And Rail Embed In Floor

As mentioned above, low-emissivity glass relies on a thin coating of metal/metallic oxides to do the blocking of unwanted electromagnetic radiation. That being said, there are two kinds of Low-E coatings that you would do well to know.

 

Passive Low-E Coating

Passive Low-E coatings are made through the pyrolytic “hard-coat” process which produces a coating that is best used in very cold environments. The durable pyrolytic coating allows some of the sun’s short-wave infrared energy to pass through the glass, giving the building a form of “passive” natural heating. This helps you save money on electricity since you rely less on space heaters and other artificial heating methods.

 

Solar Control Low-E Coatings

If passive Low-E coating is made through the hard coat, pyrolytic process, then the solar control Low-E coating has the Magnetron Sputtering Vapor Deposition (MSVD) process. This coating, which is also called “soft-coat”, needs to be sealed in an insulated or laminated glass. What you’re getting with this coat when compared to the previous type of coating is superior resistance to the sun’s radiation.

It is for that exact reason why solar control Low-E is the preferred coating for cold to hot climates. Since it offers better UV and infrared protection it keeps buildings cooler and reduces air conditioning-related energy consumption.

 

Key Takeaway

If you are looking for a way to give your home or building better insulation and protection from the sun’s electromagnetic radiation, then Low-E glass can be a great option. With Low-E coating options available that are applicable for different climates, it is convenient regardless of your location.

When you’re trying to decide which window size, style, and design are best for your building, you should also consider the type of glass you are going to be using. Not only does Low-E glass provide practical use and protection, but it can also be a source of energy efficiency and savings.

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How Shatterproof Glass is Made https://onesky.ph/blog/how-shatterproof-glass-made/ https://onesky.ph/blog/how-shatterproof-glass-made/#respond Tue, 19 Nov 2019 08:36:37 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1477 How is shatterproof glass made? The glass is cut to size, polished, and cleaned The glass is then further toughened …

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How is shatterproof glass made?
  1. The glass is cut to size, polished, and cleaned
  2. The glass is then further toughened
  3. Laminate interlayers are cut and applied to the glass
  4. The glass ‘sandwich’ is heated
  5. It is finally cleaned and trimmed

 

Shatterproof glass or laminated glass is one of the most used glass products in the world today. As a safety glass, it is used for a wide number of applications. You can commonly see it as automobile windshields, skylight glazing, curtain walls, and store windows. The reason for this is because when shatterproof glass is hit with a strong force, it doesn’t break into large, sharp pieces that can injure people. In fact, laminated glass will continue to stay in one piece even if it has been pierced or cracked multiple times.

Aside from its physical protection, it also protects people from harmful UV rays from the sun. Using the right materials during production can give it the potential to block 99.9% of all UV rays. Beyond its protective qualities, shatterproof glass is also good for sound insulation.

Having said all that, you may be curious as to how shatterproof glass is made. What makes it so averse to shattering and breaking? Continue reading because here is how shatterproof glass is made.

 

The initial glass is cut to size, polished, and cleaned

Laminated glass usually starts as normal sheets of glass that are cut to form a desired shape or size. This usually depends on a given client’s specifications or if it’s premade before selling, then a uniform rectangular shape is usually the go-to.  Once it is properly cut, the glass is polished and cleaned to ensure no impurities interfere with the whole process.

 

The glass is then further toughened

The Glass Is Then Further Toughened

After cleaning, the glass itself needs to be a bit tougher before undergoing the process that creates the shatterproof glass itself. To do that, it has to go through a process that involves minor heating and cooling that can be likened to ‘quenching’. Quenching makes the outer layer of the glass more compressed instead of remaining in tension. This process makes the glass a tad more resistant to breaking on its own.

 

Laminate interlayers are cut and applied to the glass

After quenching, an interlayer is cut and added per sheet. Interlayers, in this case, are elastomeric polymers such as EVA (Ethylene-vinyl acetate) or a strong binding resin such as PVB (Polyvinyl butyral) that is placed in between the glass during production. Using either material as an interlayer would allow the glass to remain bonded while broken — giving it the ‘shatterproof’ moniker.

After a couple of interlayers are added, the 2nd sheet of glass is placed on top, forming what seems like a glass ‘sandwich’. Consider this the shatterproof glass in its rawest form. The glass is held together using a mixture of clamps and tape.

 

The glass ‘sandwich’ is heated

Window Of Building With Tokyo Tower Background

In order to turn the raw glass sandwich into actual shatterproof glass, it has to be heated and compressed simultaneously. There are a number of ways to achieve this. One way to do this is by putting the glass through a ‘nip roller’. For bigger sheets of glass, another popular method involves putting the glass in a vacuum-sealed silicone bag then placed in an oven.

This process removes the air in-between the layers and allows the glass sheets to bond with the interlayer. It’s important to note here that this process is what produces that ‘spider web-like’ cracking pattern when shatterproof glass is cracked.

 

It is finally cleaned and trimmed

After the previous process of heating, what you’ll end up with is the final product. However, it still needs some touch-ups and quality control, which is why it has to be re-cleaned and trimmed. Cleaning in this sense pertains to wiping the surface and making sure that there are no blemishes that can be seen.

Trimming is done with a hot-knife tool to remove excess material from the sides of the glass. This is because of the processed interlayers that were heated, compressed, and eventually overflowed. After trimming, it is finally ready for use.

 

Key Takeaway

Understanding how shatterproof glass is made is important because it allows you to understand how the glass acquires the features it is known for. It also helps you know what kind of glass products are going to perfect for your purposes. Whether it’s for a new windshield or for hurricane-resistant glass, shatterproof or laminated glass could be the way to go.

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How to Recycle Aluminum https://onesky.ph/blog/how-recycle-aluminum/ https://onesky.ph/blog/how-recycle-aluminum/#respond Wed, 30 Oct 2019 09:31:43 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1469 When it comes to versatile types of metal, aluminum is a material used to create a wide range of products, …

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When it comes to versatile types of metal, aluminum is a material used to create a wide range of products, items, tools, and machinery. Being light, strong, and resistant to many forms of wear and tear, aluminum provides many positive qualities that allow it to be very useful in a multitude of applications.

Along with being very flexible, aluminum is also a type of metal that is environmentally friendly, as it is more efficient to produce compared to other types of metal, and can also be recycled to create new products. When it comes to recycling, aluminum has a great track record, as many companies make use of recycled aluminum to help create high-quality products.

 

How is aluminum recycled?

Aluminum is known for being a very recyclable type of metal, which is why it is widely used by many product manufacturers worldwide. The process of recycling aluminum is one of the most efficient metal recycling methods, as the procedure allows the metal to be quickly ready for reuse as soon as the process is finished. Here is how aluminum is recycled to create new products.

 

Sorting

Sorting

The first step in recycling aluminum is sorting. Each aluminum product and item would be sorted in bins and containers accordingly to be collected for the recycling process. Sorting begins in waste disposal, where people would drop their aluminum products in the designated disposal bins, which would then be distributed in a recycling facility. The sorting process helps remove unnecessary material like other kinds of metals, plastic, and even scrap and debris, all of which can affect the quality of the recycled material.

 

Shredding

After the aluminum products are properly sorted, the next step is to take them to recycle facilities and begin the process of shredding the aluminum. This helps make the aluminum easier to melt, lessens the weight and volume, and removes all other small materials present. Once the aluminum has been shredded, the next step is to sort it out once again and run it through a magnet.

 

Magnet

Shiny Silver Metallic Textured Background

To make sure the shredded aluminum does not contain other types of metals, it would be passed through a powerful magnet that would remove all traces of other metals present. Most kinds of steel have magnetic properties, making it easier for the magnet to help sort out materials that are not needed in the recycling process. Once other types of metal have been removed, the aluminum would then go through a cleaning process.

 

Cleaning and De-coating

After the aluminum has been shredded and sorted out, the next step is to clean the material. Cleaning is done through the use of strong cleaning solutions that would remove any dirt, paint, or decoration present on the aluminum surface. The aluminum would be scrubbed clean, and then would go through the process of de-coating.

De-coating puts the aluminum through a conveyor system to remove all other traces of color and decoration on the surface. This is done by blowing hot air on the aluminum, which would then be removed and cleaned further. Once the cleaning process has been accomplished, the aluminum is not ready for re-melting.

 

Re-melting

Steel And Metal Production

The crucial process that would make recycled aluminum usable for manufacturing products is re-melting. The scrap aluminum would be put inside a high-temperature furnace, which burns for around 7000 degrees celsius. During the melting process, other types of chemicals would be added to create the proper composition of aluminum.

Once the melting process has been done the molten aluminum would be transferred into a holding furnace. This would turn the aluminum into ingots, which would then be processed further.

 

Rolling

Once the aluminum has been melted to create ingots, these ingots would go through a process called rolling. Rolling would help turn the aluminum into thin sheets, which would then be used to create new products. Rolling helps strengthen the aluminum and make it more flexible. Once the aluminum has been rolled out, it would be distributed to manufacturing companies to be used to create products.

 

Reuse

Interior View Of A Steel Factory

After being rolled, the recycled aluminum would once again go through another production process to create new products that would be distributed to retailers. These products can include aluminum cans, kitchen tools and items, packaging, and even casing for devices. Overall, the recycling process can take a number of weeks to accomplish and is able to recycle a good percentage of aluminum to be reused.

 

Key Takeaway

Aluminum is not only a strong and versatile material, but it is also recyclable, allowing it to be reused to create a new set of products. The recycling process surely takes time to accomplish but ensures the maximum amount of aluminum would be recycled. By knowing the process of recycling aluminum, you would be able to provide the best way to prevent your used aluminum from going to waste.

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Types of Glass Used in Construction https://onesky.ph/blog/types-glass-construction/ https://onesky.ph/blog/types-glass-construction/#respond Fri, 18 Oct 2019 08:25:39 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1461 Glass is one of the oldest and most reliable materials used in construction. Being introduced thousands of years ago, glass …

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Glass is one of the oldest and most reliable materials used in construction. Being introduced thousands of years ago, glass has remained as one of the most widely used materials around, being used in places and fixtures like windows, doors, and roofing. Over the years, glass has evolved into a very versatile material that can take many forms and shapes, and be used in a wide variety of applications. In the construction industry, glass is a fundamental material used along with steel, wood, and concrete.

Like metals, there are many different types of glass used for construction, all of which fulfill a purpose and need for each part of a project. Construction materials are required to be flexible and versatile, making glass ideal for a wide number of applications and functions.

 

What are the types of glass used in construction?

Glass comes in many forms in the construction industry, being the ideal material to use for windows, doors, and roofing. Glass is a reflective, transparent, and strong material that is easy to shape, allowing it to come in different types. With that in mind, here are some of the common types of glass used in the construction industry.

 

Shatterproof Glass

Shatterproof Glass

Used for windows, floors, and roofs, shatterproof glass is designed to withstand heavy impact. While it is able to resist breakage to a certain degree, shatterproof glass is also designed not to leave sharp edges on the occasion it breaks, making it one of the safest glass types to use in construction projects. Shatterproof glass is made through a layering process that combines polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), which gives it its strength and durability.

 

Float Glass

A very common type of glass used in places like malls, storefronts, and other commercial and retail establishments, float glass is one of the most reliable types of glasses around. Float glass is also a very sturdy material that can withstand a significant amount of impact. Depending on the need, float glass can come in different thicknesses ranging from 2mm to 20mm. It is also worth noting it is very transparent and has a lot of glare, which is why it is commonly used in different commercial areas.

 

Laminated Glass

Laminated Glass

If you are looking for a regular type of glass with extra strength, it is best to use laminated glass. Produced by combining different layers of glass together, laminated glass is used for areas that require a protective layer against UV rays and loud noises. These qualities make it an ideal material to use for large aquariums, staircases, glass facades in buildings, and bridges. Due to its layered nature, laminated glass is very heavy, and can cause optical distortions.

 

Tinted Glass

A colored variant of regular glass, tinted glass is mainly used for decorative purposes. This makes it a regular fixture in windows, doors and other locations where color is needed. Tinted glass is produced by adding coloring ions to the glass during manufacturing to add the desired color. Each ion provides a different shade of color, which means that some are combined together to form new shades. While different ions are composed of a variety of elements, they do not compromise the strength and quality of the glass.

 

Glass Blocks

Glass Blocks

Hollow in structure, glass blocks are produced by combined two halves of glass through a process called annealing while being melted to form the final product. Another type of glass used for decorative purposes, glass blocks are able to distort light going through, which provides an aesthetic effect.

 

Patterned Glass

Using glass provides many ways to create a wide variety of designs, and one type of glass that is known for its variety of designs is patterned glass. This translucent glass is produced by etching patterns on the surface to create a wide variety of designs. This type of glass can be used for decorative windows, balconies, bathroom walls and windows, and even on stairwells.

 

Chromatic Glass

Business Executives Discussing With Their Colleagues On Whiteboard

A glass type used to reduce and distort the light coming through, chromatic glass provides a protective layer in light-sensitive locations. Chromatic glass is produced using a lamination process that involves light and heat-sensitive layers of glass that gives its ability to distort light. This is a glass commonly seen in meeting rooms in offices.

 

Wired Glass

A type of glass that is lined up with mesh to prevent it from shattering under stress and pressure, wired glass is a type of glass used as a protective layer against fire and smoke. This makes it ideal for use as a glass fence in buildings.

 

Key Takeaway

When it comes to versatility, durability, and the ability to distort and reflect light, glass provides a protective layer for different kinds of buildings and facilities. Glass is an important material used in many forms in construction projects. By identifying different types of glass, you would be able to utilize them correctly.

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The Use of Aluminum in Electronics https://onesky.ph/blog/use-aluminum-electronics/ https://onesky.ph/blog/use-aluminum-electronics/#respond Wed, 16 Oct 2019 08:19:43 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1456 When it comes to the most common metals used in the world of industry, aluminum is one of the materials …

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When it comes to the most common metals used in the world of industry, aluminum is one of the materials that stand out. Since being developed during the past few decades, aluminum has become a material that has taken the place of other metals, mainly due to its light weight and eco-friendliness. With production costs and carbon emissions being a very important concern for industries across the world, the use of aluminum has helped resolve these concerns.

Many industries rely on the use of aluminum in their products and machinery. These industries include aeronautical, automotive, manufacturing, construction, and medical. Another common place where aluminum is used is in electronics and electrical devices.

 

How is Aluminum used in electronics and electrical products?

Aluminum is one of the most versatile types of metal, being used in a wide variety of industries. Due to its qualities like ductility and electrical conductivity, aluminum has become a widely used material in electronics and electrical products. Here are some of the most popular uses of aluminum for electrical purposes:

 

Casing for devices

When it comes to providing a lightweight and eco-friendly casing for different kinds of electronic devices, aluminum has become one of the most popular materials used by different companies. These devices include laptops, smartphones, digital cameras, gaming consoles, digital watches, and even HDTVs. Compared to using heavier metals or flimsier plastics, aluminum is the best option, as it is cost-effective, versatile, and highly durable. Electronic devices are designed to be efficient and convenient, which is why aluminum has been tapped as one of the metals to use for their products.

Popularized by companies during the last decade, aluminum device casings have now become one of the standard ways to manufacture devices around the world. With technology looking to go smaller and lighter in the near future, the use of aluminum is key to making it a possibility.

 

Computer parts

Couple Of People Working On Computer Codes Programming

Along with electronic devices, aluminum is a key component in computer parts. The inside of the computer has many different metals present, all of which help the computer perform different functions smoothly and efficiently. Aluminum is the metal used to create heat sinks for your computer. A heat sink is designed to capture all of the heat present in the computer while working to prevent it from hitting other key components.

Along with being a key element for heat sinks, aluminum is also used to create other parts like PC casings, monitors, and other devices. Having the right metals is important to make computers function properly, which is why aluminum helps turn it into a more efficient device.

 

Power lines

One of the most common applications of aluminum in electrical products is its use in power lines. These power lines have long been the primary method of transporting electricity across various distances. Since the development of aluminum during the early 20th century, power lines have utilized the material. Aluminum is an effective material to use in power lines as they are lighter compared to materials like copper.

While it is not as electrically conductive as copper, it is much easier to manufacture power lines using aluminum, as it is a more flexible material due to its ductility. Aluminum is also resistant to different forms of corrosion, allowing it to withstand extreme conditions that power lines are subject to. With power lines continuing to become a regular fixture, aluminum will play a huge role in how the world is powered up.

 

Electric Motors

Electric Motors

Another device that uses aluminum is its structure are electric motors. Electric motors are designed to make different parts move around to accomplish different functions. Electrical motors come in different sizes, with each type being used in industries such as manufacturing, automotive and aeronautical. While regular motors are powered by fuel, electric motors can run on batteries, which can make them portable and easier to manufacture. Aluminum is mostly used in the body of the motors themselves, providing a light and durable structure, and can withstand high temperatures and extreme conditions.

 

Power Systems

Along with being used in power lines, aluminum is one of the metals used in power grids and other power systems. The conductivity of aluminum allows energy to be distributed in a fast and efficient manner. One of the reasons that led to more power systems using aluminum is the manufacturing costs. While copper is a good metal for electrical conductivity, it is costlier to produce, which can be difficult for different manufacturing companies. Aluminum provides the right balance between electrical conductivity and price, making it the ideal material for different kinds of electrical devices.

 

Key Takeaway

Aluminum has become one of the top metals used in the manufacturing industry, used to create products like electronics and electrical devices. Due to being light, strong, and conductive, aluminum provides these products with a strong material that performs well in different conditions and applications.

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Effective Methods to Clean and Maintain Glass Windows https://onesky.ph/blog/effective-methods-clean-maintain-glass-windows/ https://onesky.ph/blog/effective-methods-clean-maintain-glass-windows/#respond Mon, 14 Oct 2019 07:54:38 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1449 What are the best methods to clean and maintain glass windows? Use a vinegar cleaning mix Use distilled water Spraying …

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What are the best methods to clean and maintain glass windows?
  1. Use a vinegar cleaning mix
  2. Use distilled water
  3. Spraying works best
  4. Wash during cloudy days
  5. Lessen the suds
  6. Get a Squeegee

 

Windows are an important element in the design of any home or building, as they help bring in natural light and cold air. Whether it be classic wood-framed windows or windows made using parts from your local stainless steel supplier, windows are constant features in any living or commercial space.

While it is a common solution to bring in a high-quality window cleaner to remove any dirt or stains present in your windows, using some DIY solutions also work well. Cleaning a window can be a tiring task, which is why having the best tools and techniques will help get the job done much faster.

 

What are the best ways to clean and maintain your windows?

There are many ways to clean and maintain your glass windows, and some of these methods are easy to do and apply. This will allow you to clean your windows without the worry of leaving stains, scratches or streaks. With that in mind, here are some of the best ways to clean and maintain your glass windows.

 

Use a vinegar cleaning mix

One of the most effective substances that can help you clean your windows is also one of the most common materials that can be found at home. The biggest advantage of using vinegar is it is a very safe substance to use, as it is non-toxic and is also used in the kitchen. This is also a very cost-effective solution as well, as you would not need to invest in other types of cleaning solutions for your windows.

To help get you started with using vinegar to clean your windows, you would have to create your own DIY vinegar window cleaning solution. All you would need is one cup of white vinegar (which is available in a lot of supermarkets) and around 2-3 cups of water. The amount can vary depending on the amount of dirt and stains on your windows.

After mixing and creating your vinegar cleaner, the next step is to put it inside a bottle to allow you to apply it to your windows. The vinegar would be able to remove dust, dirt, and stains quite easily, providing you with clean windows all around. It is worth noting that vinegar can have a strong aroma that will take a while to fade.

 

Use distilled water

Use Distilled Water

Along with using a vinegar mix to help clean your windows much better, it is also important to take into account the quality of the water that you are using for cleaning. The biggest advantage of using vinegar is it is a very safe substance to use, as it is non-toxic and is also used in the kitchen. Glass surfaces are very delicate, as they are vulnerable to dirt, stains, and scratches. Using a solution that is not pure might only cause more problems, which is why making your solution as clean as possible is the best step. Distilled water also prevents streaks from appearing on your glass windows, making it a better cleaning experience overall.

 

Spraying works best

When washing your windows, always make sure all of your cleaning solutions are contained in spray bottles. These bottles help you spread the cleaning solution across your window, helping you cover a wider area. This makes your cleaning experience easier and more efficient, taking you less time. Always make sure you have your spray bottles ready when cleaning and maintaining your windows to have the best experience.

 

Wash during cloudy days

Empty Floors And Office Buildings In The Financial Center, Qingdao, China

Along with having the right cleaning solution for the job, you also need to make sure you are cleaning during an ideal time of the day. Cleaning during a sunny day will help the solution dry up quicker, but it can leave dry streaks behind, making you start the cleaning process again. It is best to wash during the cloudy days, where the weather is moderate and manageable. This will make sure your solutions would not dry up quickly, allowing you to clean more properly.

 

Get a Squeegee

Another essential window cleaning and maintenance tool is a squeegee. A squeegee allows you to easily wipe off cleaning solutions. Squeegees are mostly made out of plastic. Squeegees also come in different sizes, with the longer ones allowing you to reach higher windows with relative ease. Before you begin cleaning and maintaining your windows, it is best to get a squeegee beforehand.

 

Key Takeaway

Cleaning windows can be a challenging task, as removing dust, dirt, and stains can be tough without the right tools. By following these handy cleaning and maintenance tips, you would be able to have the cleanest and best-looking glass windows all around.

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Properties of 304 and 316 Stainless Steel https://onesky.ph/blog/properties-304-316-stainless-steel/ https://onesky.ph/blog/properties-304-316-stainless-steel/#respond Sat, 05 Oct 2019 06:16:13 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1444 What are the properties of 304 and 316 stainless steel? Chemical composition Corrosion resistance Cost Uses   Stainless steel is …

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What are the properties of 304 and 316 stainless steel?
  1. Chemical composition
  2. Corrosion resistance
  3. Cost
  4. Uses

 

Stainless steel is one of the most used metal alloys for construction and manufacturing purposes. The reason behind that is the many different grades that it has. Each grade of stainless steel differentiates itself in one way or another, yet most people aren’t aware of what these differentiating factors are. This makes trips to their local stainless supplier difficult for most people.

Specifically, 304 and 316 are the two most commonly used types of stainless steel, but the question begging to be asked is, “how exactly are the two different from each other?” It can be easy to mistake one for the other because they are both durable, austenitic (non-magnetic), have no visible difference, and there are only a few tests you can do to distinguish the two. This can sometimes lead to some complications for your construction or manufacturing project.

In order for you to avoid the problems that come with not using the proper grade of stainless steel for your purpose, here are the properties of 304 and 316 stainless steel and how they differ from each other.

 

Chemical composition

Metallic Pipes On Warehouse, Rows Of Metal Pipes On Industrial Warehouse. Industrial Interior,

In terms of similarity in chemical make-up, all types of stainless have the same amount of basic iron and carbon in their composition. The biggest difference between the two types of stainless steel is in the rest of their chemical composition. For steel to be considered ‘stainless’ there is a required level of chromium, 10.5% to be exact.

Chromium is the source of the ‘stainless’ nature of the metal alloy however, there is already a difference when it comes to the level of chromium present in 304 and 316 stainless steel. 304 has 18% while 316 has 16%. Nickel is another element that is present in both grades and they also differ in that regard. 304 contains 8% nickel, while 316 contains 10%.

However, one element that is present in 316, but not present in 304 is molybdenum. 316 always has a minimum of 2% molybdenum in its chemical structure. This naturally leads us to the next property of stainless steel.

 

Corrosion resistance

To put it simply, the added molybdenum in stainless steel 316 makes it more corrosion resistant than the other types of stainless steel, despite all of them being reasonably resistant to corrosion. Molybdenum is specifically added to help resist the corrosion coming from chloride and saline solutions. These are directly related to sources of water such as swimming pools, seawater, and de-icing salts. Knowing this makes it clear why the 316 variant of stainless steel is often referred to as ‘marine-grade’.

 

Cost

Pipe Steel

As a general rule of thumb, the cost of stainless steel is largely dependent on the elements that are present in the alloy’s chemical composition. As previously stated, all variants of stainless steel have a huge amount of iron and chromium. Any other element that will be added ultimately adds to the cost. This is when you start factoring in the other chemicals used to create the alloy such as nickel, silicon, manganese, carbon, etc.

Because 316 contains an element that is not found in 304, it is more expensive than the latter. Molybdenum is certainly not cheap, nevertheless, you are paying for that extra protection against the elements which makes the extra cost reasonably worth it.

 

Uses

Being the most widely used variant of stainless steel, 304 has an innumerable amount of uses that include parts for building and structural facades, kitchen appliances, sinks, pots, pans, stainless hardware, and car parts. It is also well suited for liquid storage and tanks as long as the water is fresh. There really is no limitation to how stainless steel 304 can be utilized as long as it is not exposed to harsh chlorine and saline environments.

Meanwhile, 316 can also be used for normal manufacturing and construction purposes, but due to its increased resistance to oxidation and price, it is more favored for specialized purposes in seawater and marine applications. These include stainless steel floats, boat and ship parts, heavy-duty equipment, and even firearms.

Thanks to its chemical resistance it is also used in processing equipment for paper, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. Even the medical field benefits because stainless steel 316 is also used for surgical instruments and devices.

 

Key Takeaway

As you’ve already read, stainless steel and 304 and 316 are very similar, yet different at the same time. The key difference lies in the level of resistance to corrosion. If your construction job requires superior corrosion resistance, then 316 is your best bet. But if you are on a tight budget, and will use stainless steel in a relatively normal environment, then 304 will serve you just right. If you’re still not sure what to choose, you can always ask your local stainless steel supplier for advice as they will surely know the right kind of steel for you, stainless or otherwise.

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How to Smelt Aluminum https://onesky.ph/blog/smelt-aluminum/ https://onesky.ph/blog/smelt-aluminum/#respond Fri, 04 Oct 2019 05:54:10 +0000 http://onesky.ph/?p=1438 How do you smelt aluminum? What is smelting The Bayer process The Hall-Héroult process Applications of extracted aluminum   Aluminum …

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How do you smelt aluminum?
  1. What is smelting
  2. The Bayer process
  3. The Hall-Héroult process
  4. Applications of extracted aluminum

 

Aluminum alloys are some of the most widely used metal alloys in the world for the purpose of manufacturing. This is due to its special qualities that have enabled the technological advancements of a number of industries such as aerospace manufacturing, the automotive industry, as well as the construction industry. Similar to its local stainless steel counterparts, manufacturers often use aluminum due to its good flexibility, optimal strength-to-weight ratio, and recyclability.

Despite all that can be said about the flexible alloy, it is also important to know the essential processes involved in their life cycle from creation to production, and eventually, their end of life and recycling phases. In particular, smelting is one of those processes that most people aren’t too familiar with despite its relative importance in the production of various metal alloys. To help update your knowledge on aluminum smelting specifically, here is what you need to know.

 

What is smelting

Put simply, smelting is the core process behind the extraction of aluminum and without it, it is near impossible to do so. While aluminum is the third most abundant element in the earth’s crust (accounting for about 1.59% of the planet’s mass) after oxygen and silicon, it is rarely found in its natural form.

Pure aluminum is highly reactive and easily bonds to the elements that can be found near it. The most common elements it bonds with are the previously mentioned oxygen and silicon, forming oxides and silicates (respectively) that usually found bound to rocks in a polymorphic state. Common aluminum-containing minerals include garnet, turquoise, beryl, and cryolite. However, the mineral bauxite is the one that is responsible for its commercial viability and is the mineral involved in smelting. This is because it has high aluminum content and is relatively low in impurities. In terms of yield, it takes about 4 tons of high-quality bauxite to produce 2 tons of alumina, from which 1 ton of aluminum can be made.

 

The Bayer process

Steel Production In Electric Furnaces

The smelting process, which converts bauxite into pure aluminum, has two distinct steps. The first is called the Bayer process, named after Carl Bayer who developed the process in 1888. This method is used to extract alumina (aluminum oxide) from the bauxite. Bauxite ore is comprised of hydrated aluminum oxides that are mixed with other elements such as iron. The ore is heated in a pressure vessel while caustic soda, a sodium hydroxide solution, is added at a temperature between 150 and 200 degrees Celsius.

This process extracts the aluminum in the ore through dissolution and produces the soluble sodium aluminate while the rest of the compounds in bauxite remain in their solid form. The impurities of the resulting sodium aluminate are filtered through a rotary sand trap or other sifting methods. From there, aluminum hydroxide is precipitated from the sodium aluminate, which is then calcinated to produce alumina.

 

The Hall-Héroult process

The next major step is called the Hall-Héroult process which is an electrolytic process that was developed by Charles Hall and Paul Héroult in 1886. This process involves the dissolution of the alumina in molten synthetic cryolite, an uncommon mineral that makes the dissolving process easier thanks to its lower melting point and electrical conductivity.

This is where the electrolysis begins, where the liquid aluminum will be deposited at the cathode. The oxygen from the alumina will combine with the carbon to produce carbon dioxide. Usually, aluminum smelters require a great deal of electricity to execute properly. This is the reason why smelters are built near large power stations. It is also not uncommon to see smelters near ports because alumina is usually imported from other countries.

From there, the molten aluminum can be poured into molds that form the standard factory ingot. At this stage, the aluminum is about 99.8% pure and can now be used to make a wide variety of aluminum alloys or be further refined to produce superpure aluminum (99.99% pure).

 

Applications of extracted aluminum

Applications Of Extracted Aluminum

Once the extraction process is done, aluminum can be used for a wide variety of applications. The most apparent application is in the construction and manufacturing industry. Just like local stainless steel, products and structures made using a form of aluminum alloy are almost always maintenance free because of its inherent corrosion resistance. Meanwhile, superpure aluminum is used in the electricity/electronics industry as an excellent conductor of electricity.

 

Key Takeaway

As you’ve read, it is not that simple to extract aluminum. Thanks to the development of smelting during the late 1800s, the world gets to enjoy the benefits of using aluminum for all the purposes stated above and more. As technology continues to develop, the smelting process at all stages will eventually become more effective and efficient. This will result in cheaper alloys on the market and more innovation with regards to its use.

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